马占相思人工林不同改造模式树种的生长和养分对磷添加的响应  

Growth and Nutrient Response to Phosphorus Addition of Different Modified Tree Species in Acacia mangium Plantation

作　　者：刘德界 罗焓毓 程严 李旭 刘旭军 杨世福 陈富强 瞿超 刘菊秀[1] 列志旸 LIU Dejie;LUO Hanyu;CHENG Yan;LI Xu;LIU Xujun;YANG Shifu;CHEN Fuqiang;QU Chao;LIU Juxiu;LIE Zhiyang(Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems,South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China;Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Longyandong Forest Farm,Guangzhou 510520,China;Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,退化生态系统植被恢复与管理重点实验室,广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京101408 [3]仲恺农业工程学院,广州510225 [4]广东省龙眼洞林场,广州510520 [5]广东省林业科学研究院,广州510520

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2024年第6期737-746,共10页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32101342);广东省林业科技创新项目(2019KJCX023);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2022B1111230001)资助。

摘　　要：马占相思(Acacia mangium)是华南地区重要的造林速生树种,但生长后期缺磷,成熟林效益低下,因此需要改造。在广东省龙眼洞林场的成熟马占相思人工林中采用2种林分改造模式[M1:海南红豆(Ormosia pinnata)+红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)+樟树(Cinnamomum camphora)+灰木莲(Magnolia glauca);M2:醉香含笑(Michelia macclurei)+竹节树(Carallia brachiata)+木荷(Schimasuperba)+壳菜果(Mytilarialaosensis)],并进行磷添加处理[对照(CK)、低磷(LP)、中磷(MP)和高磷(HP)],39个月后对改造树种的生长和叶片养分进行测定。结果表明,M1模式树种总生物量在MP最高,为29.91 kg,M2模式树种总生物量在HP最高,为29.98kg。醉香含笑、竹节树和壳菜果的生物量在HP最高,分别为5.97、10.3和10.69kg;海南红豆、红锥和灰木莲的生物量在MP最高,分别为5.12、6.91和11.46 kg,樟树的生物量在LP最高,为10.4 kg,木荷的生物量则在CK最高,为4.45 kg。M2模式树种叶片的平均磷含量显著高于M1,但其叶片平均N:P则显著低于M1。因此,磷添加不同程度增加了所有改造树种叶片的磷含量和降低了N:P,这为南亚热带成熟马占相思人工林的磷添加梯度和改造树种选择提供科学的参考。Acacia mangium is an important fast-growing tree in South China,but mature forest shows phosphorus deficiency which may reduce forest efficiency,so it needs to be reconstructed.Phosphorus,including four levels as control treatment(CK),low phosphorus addition(LP),medium phosphorus addition(MP),and high phosphorus addition(HP),were added into two forest reconstruction mode,such as M1(Ormosia pinnata+Castanopsis hystrix+Cinnamomum camphora+Magnolia glauca)and M2(Michelia macclurei+Carallia brachiata+Schima superba+Mytilaria laosensis)in a mature A.mangium plantation of Longyandong Forestry Farm of Guangdong Province.The growth and leaf nutrients of the modified tree species were measured after 39 months.The results showed that the total biomass of M1 species was the highest in MP(29.91 kg),and that of M2 species was the highest in HP(29.98 kg).The biomass of Michelia macclurei,Carallia brachiata and Mytilaria laosensis was the highest in HP,which was 5.97,10.3 and 10.69 kg,respectively.The biomass of Ormosia pinnata,Castanopsis hystrix and Magnolia glauca was the highest at MP(5.12,6.91 and 11.46 kg,respectively),the biomass of Cinnamomum camphora was the highest at LP(10.4 kg),and the biomass of Schima superba was the highest at CK(4.45 kg).The average phosphorus content of leaves of M2 species was higher than that of M1,but the average N:P in leaves of M2 species was lower than that of M1.Therefore,the phosphorus addition increased the phosphorus content and decreased N:P in the leaves of all modified tree species,which provided a scientific reference for the phosphorus addition gradient and the selection of modified tree species in mature A.mangium plantations in South Asia.

关 键 词：马占相思 人工林 磷添加 林分改造 树种生长 叶片养分 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]