商业秘密行政法保护的法理逻辑与制度构造  

The Legal Logic and Institutional Framework for the Protection of Business Secrets under Administrative Law

作　　者：孟星宇 MENG Xing-yu

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期110-120,149,共12页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“网络空间治理下回应型政府信息公开制度建构研究”(23BFX011)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：商业秘密的行政法保护事关商业秘密全链条保护战略的实现。行政法规则的介入虽不具有主动性,但已改变商业秘密的单一私权保护体系与制度结构。行政权下的保密附随义务与政府信息公开豁免制度形成了新的商业秘密规则适用关系,并调整了商业秘密的识别逻辑。行政法保护下的主动且前置的商业秘密识别逻辑应替代单一私权保护下商业秘密被动且后置的识别逻辑。行政职权扩张下的公法理念应融入商业秘密的保护体系中,商业秘密权利确认的转向、“秘密性”与时限认定,以及公共利益衡量的限缩应作为理论变更的落脚点。立法中应以商业秘密作为保护规则设计的核心,探索“统一立法”的结构调整,优化公私法兼容的保护机制与识别规则,以期实现商业秘密的全链条保护。The protection of “business secrets” under administrative law is crucial for the realization of a comprehensive protection strategy for such secrets. Although the intervention of administrative law rules is not proactive, it has already altered the single private right protection system and institutional structure for “business secrets”. The confidentiality obligations under administrative power and the exemption system for government information disclosure have formed a new applicable relationship for “business secrets” rules and adjusted the identification logic for “business secrets”. The proactive and upfront identification logic for “business secrets” under administrative law protection should replace the reactive and postponed identification logic under single private right protection. The public law concept under the expansion of administrative power should be integrated into the protection system for “business secrets”, with a shift in the recognition of “business secrets” rights, the determination of “confidentiality” and time limits, and the narrowing of public interest measurement as the core changes in theory. In legislation, “business secrets” should be the core of protection rule design, with structural adjustments for “unified legislation” to optimize the protection mechanism and identification rules that are compatible with both public and private law, aiming to achieve comprehensive protection for “business secrets”.

关 键 词：商业秘密 行政法保护 豁免公开机制 公法附随保密义务 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.294[政治法律—法学]