玉米智能株间除草机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Intelligent Interplant Weeding Machine for Corn

作　　者：王文明 Wang Wenming(Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology,Taizhou 318020)

机构地区：[1]台州科技职业学院,台州318020

出　　处：《中国农机装备》2024年第12期67-70,共4页China Agricultural Machinery Equipment

基　　金：农业农村部重点实验室开放课题(NYZS202306);台州市科技计划项目(23nya20)。

摘　　要：根据北方小垄种植玉米苗期株间除草作业要求,设计了玉米智能株间除草机。阐述了除草机的整体结构与工作原理,对摆动式除草装置和除草刀等除草机关键部件进行参数设计。基于ADAMS软件模拟株间除草机避苗运动过程,得到不同运动参数下除草机的避苗作业轨迹和除草刀刀尖点加速度变化规律。对除草刀进行有限元静力学分析,得到其转动中心孔为应力集中的薄弱环节,采用增加刀座和刀齿厚度的形式改进了除草刀设计。以除草机前进速度为试验因素,株间除草率和伤苗率为试验指标,进行室内土槽除草试验,结果表明随着前进速度增加,除草率呈增加趋势,而伤苗率呈下降趋势,除草机平均除草率均在80%以上,伤苗率均小于10%,整体满足玉米苗期株间除草作业要求。According to the requirements for inter-plant weeding operation during the seedling stage of maize planting on small ridges in north China,an intelligent inter-plant weeding machine for maize was designed,and its overall structure and working principle were explained.The parameters of key components such as the swinging weeding device and weeding knife were designed.Based on simulation of seedling avoidance motion process of the inter-plant weeder using ADAMS software,the seedling avoidance trajectory and the acceleration variation law of the tip point of the weeder blade under dif-ferent motion parameters were obtained.A finite element static analysis was conducted on the weeding knife to identify the stress concentration at the rotating center hole as a weak link.The design of the weeding knife was improved by increasing the thickness of the knife base and teeth.Using the forward speed as the experimental factor and the weeding control rate and seedling injury rate between plants as the experimental indicators,an indoor soil tank weed control experiment was car-ried out,the results showed that as the forward speed increased,the weeding control rate showed an increasing trend,while the seedling injury rate showed a decreasing trend.The average weed control rate of the weeding machine was above 80%,and the seedling injury rate was less than 10%,which met the requirements for inter-plant weed control during the seedling stage of maize.

关 键 词：机械除草 玉米苗 株间 苗株识别 土槽试验 

分 类 号：S224.15[农业科学—农业机械化工程]