乌天麻代餐粉的制备及其对2-型糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢紊乱的改善效果  

Preparation of meal replacement powder with Gastrodia elata BL.f.glauca and its ameliorative effect on glycolipid metabolic disorder in type 2 diabetes mice

作　　者：王彦美 黄莉 张韩杰 张永涛 赵莉 刘雪平 李守宝 WANG Yanmei;HUANG Li;ZHANG Hanjie;ZHANG Yongtao;ZHAO Li;LIU Xueping;LI Shoubao(College of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Aeronautics,Binzhou 256600,China;Shandong(Linyi)Institute of Modern Agriculture,Zhejiang University,Linyi 276034,China;Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linyi 276012,China;Chongqing Xiwang Huabao Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 409127,China)

机构地区：[1]山东航空学院生物与环境工程学院,山东滨州256600 [2]浙江大学山东(临沂)现代农业研究院,山东临沂276034 [3]临沂市农业科学院,山东临沂276012 [4]重庆硒旺华宝生物科技有限公司,重庆409127

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第23期36-44,共9页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：浙大山东农研院服务地方经济发展项目(ZDNY-2021-FWLY01010);滨州市农社领域科技创新项目(2022SHFZ034);山东航空学院博士人员科研启动项目(2023Y30)。

摘　　要：该文研究乌天麻代餐粉对饲喂高糖高脂糖尿病小鼠的糖脂代谢紊乱的影响。以葛根粉、花生等为原料,添加0%~12%(质量分数)的乌天麻(Gastrodia elata BL.f.glauca),制成乌天麻代餐粉。以链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)诱导饲喂高糖高脂的C57 BL/6 J小鼠,建立2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes,T2DM)小鼠模型,并随机分为空白组、阳性对照组、阳性治疗组,乌天麻低、中和高剂量组。连续饲喂6周,测定小鼠的糖脂代谢、肝功能和抗氧化指标。乌天麻代餐粉口感细腻、味甜清香,在60~70℃具有良好的冲调性,多酚含量为5.46~6.02 mg GAE/g,对DPPH自由基清除能力为3.88~5.19 mg TRE/g,且随着乌天麻添加量的增加而增强。在动物实验中,与阳性对照组相比,乌天麻高剂量组能明显降低小鼠的口服葡萄糖耐糖值、糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin,GHB)和糖化血清蛋白水平(P<0.05),血清胰岛素值显著升高(P<0.05),小鼠的葡萄糖耐受力明显提升;乌天麻高剂量组小鼠的甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著降低(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著升高,明显改善了小鼠的脂代谢能力;乌天麻高剂量组小鼠的谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性分别下降了17.59%和33.97%,肝功能明显改善(P<0.05);过氧化氢酶、还原型谷胱甘肽活力显著提高(P<0.05),机体抵抗氧化应激能力增强;肝脏脂肪沉积程度减轻、形态好转。乌天麻代餐粉能有效改善T2DM小鼠糖代谢、脂代谢紊乱,提高T2DM小鼠抵御氧化应激能力和修复肝损伤,进而起到降血糖的作用。该研究可为乌天麻降糖食品的开发提供理论依据和实践指导。The effect of Gastrodia elata BL.f.glauca meal replacement powder(GMRP)on glycolipid metabolic disorder in high-glucose and high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes(T2DM)mice were investigated.GMRP,comprising Puerariae lobatae powder,peanut powder and other auxiliary materials,incorporated 0%-12%of Gastrodia elata BL.f.glauca powder(GP).Type 2 diabetes(T2DM)mouse models were established by inducing C57 BL/6 J mice with streptozotocin(STZ)and feeding them a high-sugar and high-fat diet.The mice were randomly assigned to control(CON),model control(MC),positive cure(PC),GMRP in low dosage(GL),GMRP in medium dosage(GM)and GMRP in high dosage(GH)groups.After 6 weeks of continuous feeding,the glycolipid metabolism,liver function and antioxidant levels of mice were assessed.GMRP exhibited a delicate taste,sweetness and fragrance,with optimal dispersity and solubility observed at temperatures ranging from 60℃to 70℃.The polyphenol content of GMRP ranged from 5.46 to 6.02 mg GAE/g,and the DPPH free radical scavenging ability ranged from 3.88 to 5.19 mg TRE/g,increasing with the addition of GP.In animal experiments,compared with the MC group,the GH group showed significant decreases in the serum indices of oral glucose tolerance test,glycated hemoglobin,and glycosylated serum protein(P<0.05).Meanwhile,serum insulin values significantly increased(P<0.05),indicating a substantial improvement in mouse glucose tolerance.Serum triglyceride,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the GH group notably decreased(P<0.05),while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels markedly increased compared with the MC group(P<0.05),indicating a significant improvement in mouse lipid metabolism.Compared with the MC group,the GH group exhibited a 17.59%and 33.97%decrease in serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT)and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(GOT)activity,respectively,suggesting a remarkable improvement in liver function(P<0.05).Catalase(CAT)and glutathione(GSH)activities significantly increased(P<0.05),enha

关 键 词：乌天麻 代餐粉 糖代谢 脂代谢 肝功能 抗氧化 

分 类 号：TS218[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] R587.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]