不同类型生物质炭对保山植烟土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Types of Biochar on Physicochemical Properties and Enzymes Activities of Baoshan Tobacco Growing Soil

作　　者：杨如意 郭应成 况帅[1] 徐艳丽 宋文静[1] Yang Ruyi;Guo Yingcheng;Kuang Shuai;Xu Yanli;Song Wenjing(Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266101,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Baoshan Branch of Yunnan Province Tobacco Company,Baoshan 678000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所/农业农村部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,山东青岛266101 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]云南省烟草公司保山市公司,云南保山678000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第11期92-99,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省烟草公司科技项目(2022530000241022)。

摘　　要：为探究植烟土壤理化性质及酶活性对不同类型生物质炭的响应特征,本试验采用随机区组设计,以常规施肥为对照(CK),分别设置常规施肥+生物炭基肥(T1)和常规施肥+水热炭基肥(T2)处理,研究不同类型生物质炭基肥对植烟土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响以及两者之间的相关性。结果表明,0~20 cm土层,与CK相比T1处理显著提高土壤总孔隙度,增幅为14.31%,并显著提高土壤硝态氮含量,增幅为30.32%,显著降低铵态氮含量,降幅为45.71%;0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层,T2处理均显著提高土壤pH值(7.74%和7.57%)、全氮(30.85%和17.69%)和硝态氮含量(30.40%和24.66%),降低C/N值(25.75%和21.01%)。T1和T2处理均显著降低0~20 cm土层脲酶、蔗糖酶活性,降幅分别为19.42%和29.72%、18.53%和21.33%;T1处理显著提高0~20、20~40 cm土层土壤纤维素酶活性,增幅分别为9.72%和53.95%,表明脲酶和蔗糖酶分别是0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤理化性质的主要驱动因子。In order to explore the response characteristics of physical and chemical properties and en-zymes activities of tobacco growing soil to different types of biochar,the random block design was adopted,and three treatments were set,namely,conventional fertilization(CK),conventional fertilization+biochar based fertilizer(T1),and conventional fertilization+hydrochar based fertilizer(T2).The effects of different types of biochar based fertilizers on physicochemical properties and enzymes activities of tobacco growing soil and their correlations were studied.The results showed that compared with CK,T1 treatment significantly in-creased the soil total porosity of 0~20-cm layer by 14.31%and the soil nitrate nitrogen content by 30.32%,and significantly decreased the soil ammonium nitrogen content by 45.71%.Compared with CK,in 0~20-cm and 20~40-cm soil layers,T2 treatment significantly increased soil pH(by 7.74%and 7.57%),total nitro-gen(by 30.85%and 17.69%),nitrate nitrogen(by 30.40%and 24.66%),and decreased C/N(by 25.75%and 21.01%).Compared with CK,the activities of urease and sucrase in 0~20-cm soil layer were significant-ly decreased under T1 and T2 treatments by 19.42%and 29.72%,18.53%and 21.33%,respectively;T1 treatment significantly increased the cellulase activity by 9.72%and 53.95%,respectively.In conclusion,ure-ase and sucrase were the main driving factors of soil physical and chemical properties in 0~20-cm and 20~40-cm soil layers,respectively.

关 键 词：生物质炭 水热炭 酶活性 植烟土壤 理化性质 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学] S572.062[农业科学—农业基础科学]