不同用量微生物菌剂与复合肥料配合施用在青菜上的应用效果  

Application Effects of Different Dosages of Microbial Agents Combined with Compound Fertilizer on Pakchois

作　　者：高宇[1] 陈勇 张振媛 许士芳 GAO Yu;CHEN Yong;ZHANG Zhenyuan;XU Shifang(Shanghai Songjiang District Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Shanghai 201607,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市松江区农业技术推广中心,上海201607

出　　处：《蔬菜》2024年第12期65-69,共5页Vegetables

基　　金：上海市农业科技创新项目(2024-02-08-00-12-F00041)。

摘　　要：微生物菌剂是以有益微生物的生长繁殖来限制病原微生物的生长繁殖的,并进一步改善土壤生态环境,释放土壤潜在肥力,在促进蔬菜生长发育的同时抵抗病虫害,从而提高蔬菜的产量和质量。为探究微生物菌剂对青菜生长、产量及抗病性的影响,以青菜品种德高夏龙青梗菜为试验材料,采取随机区组试验设计,采用不同用量(667 m^(2)施用0.5、1.0 kg)微生物菌剂作基肥,配合追施氮磷钾复合肥料(15-15-15,667 m^(2)施用25 kg),对青菜地上部生长、产量、投入与产出、抗逆性等指标进行了分析。结果表明:施用不同用量微生物菌剂的青菜产量均有所提高,其中,处理2(基肥每667 m^(2)施用1.0 kg微生物菌剂,追施25 kg氮磷钾复合肥料)的单株质量、产量均最高,分别为61.2 g、30 169.50 kg/hm^(2),分别较不施微生物菌剂(CK)极显著增加17.7%、9.0%,667 m^(2)净效益也最高,为3 553.9元,较CK提高19.1%。其次是处理1(基肥每667 m^(2)施用0.5 kg微生物菌剂,追施25 kg氮磷钾复合肥料),最大叶宽最大,较CK显著提高5.7%;单株质量、产量分别较CK提高11.0%、3.8%,但未达显著性差异,投入产出比最高,为1∶2.50。综合考虑产量与经济效益,在青菜生产中推荐采用微生物菌剂与复合肥料组合处理2。Microbial agents limit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms by limiting the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms,further improve the soil ecological environment,release the potential fertility of soil,promote the growth and development of vegetables while resist pests and diseases,thus improve the yield and quality of vegetables.In order to explore the effects of microbial agents on the growth,yield and disease resistance of pakchois,the indexes of growth,yield,input and output,stress resistance of pakchois were analyzed by random block experiment design with different dosages (0.5 kg per 667 m^(2) and 1.0 kg per 667 m^(2)) of microbial agents as base fertilizer and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (15-15-15) as topdressing of 25 kg per 667 m^(2).The results showed that the yield of pakchois with different dosages of microbial agent were improved.Among them,treatment 2 (applied microbial agent of 1.0 kg per 667 m~(2 )as base fertilizer and compound fertilizer of 25 kg per 667 m^(2) as topdressing) had the highest single plant weight and yield of pakchois of 61.2 g and 30 169.50 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which were extremely significantly increased by 17.7% and 9.0% compared with CK (without mrcrobial agent),respectively.Followed by treatment 1 (applied microbial agent of 0.5 kg per 667 m^(2) as base fertilizer and compound fertilizer of 25 kg per 667 m^(2) as topdressing),the maximum leaf width of pakchois was the largest,which was significantly increased by 5.7% compared with CK,the single plant weight and the yield were increased by 11.0% and 3.8%,respectively,but without significant difference with CK,and the input-output ratio was the biggest of 1∶2.50.Considering the yield and economic benefits comprehensively,it is recommended to use treatment 2 that was microbial agent combined with compound fertilizer in pakchoi production.

关 键 词：青菜 枯草芽孢杆菌 生长性状 根肿病 抗病性 产量 效益 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]