复杂环境下砖混烟囱爆破拆除方案设计与实施  

Design and Implementation of Blasting Demolition Scheme of Brick-concrete Chimneys in Complex Environment

作　　者：马朝阳 夏治园 昂朝明 余和平 杨风雷 刘兴宝 王涛 张震 MA Chaoyang;XIA Zhiyuan;ANG Chaoming;YU Heping;YANG Fenglei;LIU Xinbao;WANG Tao;ZHANG Zhen(Anhui Jiangnan Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]安徽江南爆破工程有限公司,安徽省宁国市242300

出　　处：《现代矿业》2024年第11期238-242,共5页Modern Mining

摘　　要：针对某复杂环境下的一座砖混结构烟囱爆破拆除工况,对现场进行充分调研,确定采用定向倾倒方式进行爆破作业。通过理论分析,结合类似工程实践经验,对爆破技术参数进行了计算并优化,开设高度对称定向窗,控制烟囱定向倒塌方向,并采用数码电子雷管,保障烟囱沿中心线倒塌;同时确定合理的切口高度、圆心角、单耗、一次齐爆药量等爆破参数,并对爆破作业进行了安全校核。为判断爆破方案是否合理,采用LS-DYNA数值模拟软件对烟囱倾倒过程进行预分析,观测其运动过程和最终倒塌方向。仿真结果表明:烟囱约经过6.5 s倒塌完成,倒塌方向与设计方向一致,经过几何分析发现未触及周边建筑物。现场爆破拆除过程中发现,烟囱沿设计方向倾倒,触地无前冲现象,爆破有害效应均得到了有效控制,为类似拆除爆破工程提供了一定的借鉴。Aiming at the blasting demolition condition of a brick-concrete chimney in a complex environment,a full investigation on the site is conducted and the directional dumping method for blasting operation is decided.Through theoretical analysis and practical experience of similar projects,the blasting technical parameters are calculated and optimized,highly symmetrical directional windows is set up,the directional collapse direction of the chimney is controlled,and digital electronic detonators adopted to ensure that the chimney collapses along the center line.At the same time,the reasonable blasting parameters such as notch height,center angle,single consumption and amount of a simultaneous explosion are determined,and the safety of blasting operation is checked.In order to judge whether the blasting plan is reasonable,LS DYNA numerical simulation software is used to pre-analyze the chimney tipping process,and observe its final movement process and final collapse direction.The simulation results show that the chimney collapses after about 6.5 s,the collapse direction is consistent with the design direction,and the geometric analysis shows that the surrounding buildings have not been touched.In the process of on-site blasting demolition,it was found that the chimney fell along the design direction,no forward thrust phenomenon,and the harmful effects of blasting are effectively controlled,which provided a certain reference for similar demolition blasting projects.

关 键 词：复杂环境 砖混烟囱 定向倒塌 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]