X、γ射线无铅辐射屏蔽材料的研究进展  

Research Progress on Lead-free Radiation Shielding Materials for X-ray andγ-ray

作　　者：吴佳懋 张文宣 崔元昕 余诗宇 龙岳扬 WU Jiamao;ZHANG Wenxuan;CUI Yuanxin;YU Shiyu;LONG Yueyang(College of Radiation Medicine and Protection,Soochow University,Jiangsu Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学放射医学与防护学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《广州化工》2024年第23期12-14,80,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

摘　　要：随着核技术的发展,人们在辐射场中工作的机会显著增加,对于高性能辐射屏蔽材料的需求日益凸显。传统的铅制品屏蔽材料存在弱吸收区,防护效果差,且铅元素本身对人体有毒理作用,已经无法满足现代需求。因此研究绿色、无毒的新型无铅辐射屏蔽材料正成为热门话题。本文主要综述了几种基于稀土元素、铋元素和钨元素的复合辐射屏蔽材料的研究进展,重点分析了其在X射线和γ射线防护中的应用潜力。稀土元素因其高密度和良好的辐射吸收能力而受到广泛关注,铋元素则以其优异的无毒特性和较高的屏蔽效能逐渐成为铅的理想替代品。而钨元素以其较大的原子序数和密度,在提高材料屏蔽性能方面也展现出良好的前景。With the development of nuclear technology,the opportunities for people to work in radiation fields have increased significantly,and the need for high-performance radiation shielding materials has become increasingly prominent.The traditional shielding material of lead products has a weak absorption area,the protective effect is poor,and the lead element itself has a toxic effect on the human body,which can no longer meet the needs of modern times.Therefore,the research on green,non-toxic new lead-free radiation shielding materials is becoming a hot topic.The research progress on several composite radiation shielding materials based on rare earth elements,bismuth elements and tungsten elements was reviewed,and their application potential in X-ray andγ-ray protection was analyzed.Rare earth elements have attracted extensive attention due to their high density and good radiation absorption capacity,while bismuth has gradually become an ideal substitute for lead due to its excellent non-toxic properties and high shielding effectiveness.With its large atomic number and density,tungsten also shows good prospects in improving the shielding performance of materials.

关 键 词：X/γ射线屏蔽材料 稀土元素 铋元素 钨元素 

分 类 号：TL76[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]