集体化时期工分稀释化视域下乡村公共产品供给研究——以广西容县华六大队为例  

Workpoint Dilution in the Collectivization Period and the Supply of Public Goods in Rural Areas-With Hualiu Brigade in Rong County,Guangxi as An Example

作　　者：冯裕强 Feng Yuqiang(School of Marxism,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine;Institute of Marxist Philosophy and Chinese Modernization,Sun Yat-sen University)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学马克思主义学院 [2]中山大学马克思主义哲学与中国现代化研究所

出　　处：《开放时代》2024年第6期99-120,共22页Open Times

基　　金：国家社科基金高校思政课研究专项一般项目“中医药文化融入高校思政课的困境与对策研究”(项目编号:22VSZ048);广东省哲学社会科学“十四五”规划学科共建项目“新中国成立初期中国共产党振兴中医药事业研究”(项目编号:GD22XDS06);广州中医药大学2023年青年拔尖人才(团队)揭榜挂帅项目“中医药文化资源融入高校‘大思政课’的内存逻辑与实践研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人民公社制度在学界一直备受争议。为更深入揭示其全貌,本文从工分稀释化视角,结合对相关档案、账册和口述史资料的考察,对广西容县华六大队的公共产品供给进行研究。研究发现:首先,平均主义盛行的重要原因是国家和集体从生产队抽取了大批物资,导致分配总量极大减少;其次,人民公社在农业之外进行了大量农田水利基本建设,由此产生的巨额工分拿回生产队进行分配,致使工分被直接稀释;第三,人民公社为本地提供了基础教育、医疗卫生和社会保障等公共产品,这些产品所需的人员、物资和资金等主要由生产队承担,间接稀释了生产队的工分值。在有限的资源条件下,广大人民群众为自己创造了丰富多样的福利事业,可以说,集体经济就是一种社会经济。The people's commune system has always been in dispute in academic circles.In order to reveal the whole picture,this paper,on the basis of relevant archives,account books and oral records,studies the supply of public goods in the Hualiu Brigade in Rongxian County,Guangxi from the perspective of workpoint dilution.Our study finds that the important reason for"egalitarianism"is that the state and the collective extracted a large portion of materials from the production team,which led to a great reduction in the total distribution amount.Secondly,the people’s commune carried out large-scale farmland irrigation which created a huge amount of workpoints that would directly dilute the workpoint account derived from farming itself.Thirdly,the people’s commune provided the local area with public goods such as basic education,medical and health care,social security,etc.,and the personnel,materials,and funds required for these provisions were mainly borne by the production team,which indirectly diluted the workpoint chart of the production team.Given limited resources,the broad masses of the people managed to create a rich and diverse welfare supply for themselves.It can be said that the collective economy is a kind of social economy.

关 键 词：工分稀释化 公共产品 社会经济 人民公社 

分 类 号：F329[经济管理—产业经济]