外资退出与劳动收入分配  

Foreign Divestment and Labor Income Distribution

作　　者：肖挺 叶浩 XIAO Ting;YE Hao

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学国际经济与政治学院

出　　处：《国际经贸探索》2024年第11期74-90,共17页International Economics and Trade Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(72262015);2022年江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ2200527);江西省2024年度研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2024-B145)。

摘　　要：在投资成本上涨和全球系统性风险事件的叠加作用之下,外资企业经营退出行为并不罕见,但随之而来的就业及收入分配效应却鲜有研究涉足,且多以外资流入为研究起点。文章基于省级层面的工商企业全量数据和中国家庭追踪调查数据,探究外资退出对于劳动收入分配的作用。检验结果表明,外资退出能显著缩小居民的收入不平等,但这种作用效果主要来自于对高技能工人收入的抑制,而非增加低技能工人的工资性收入。同时,外资退出对收入不平等的作用在行业以及地域之间存在异质性。此外,通过反事实因素分解方法研究发现,当前禀赋差异是作用于收入不平等的主要因素,但伴随着样本年份的推移和收入分位组别的提升,系数效应对劳动者收入的贡献度愈发重要。In the context of the rising investment costs and the accumulation of global systemic risk events, the exit behavior of foreign-invested enterprises has become increasingly common. However, the employment and income distribution effects that come with it receive little attention and the existing literature primarily focuses on the inflow of foreign investment. This paper explores the effect of foreign divestment on labor income distribution based on the comprehensive data of industrial and commercial enterprises and the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) at the provincial level. The test results indicate that foreign divestment can significantly reduce income inequality among the residents, but this effect mainly arises from the suppression of the income of high-skilled workers rather than the increase in the wage income of low-skilled workers. Meanwhile, the impact of foreign divestment on income inequality varies in different industries and regions. Additionally, the research using the counterfactual factor decomposition method reveals that the endowment disparities are the main factor affecting income inequality currently. However, with the passage of sample year and the rise in income quantile group, the contribution of coefficient effect to labor income becomes increasingly significant.

关 键 词：外资退出 劳动收入分配 个体收入剥夺 反事实分析 

分 类 号：F125.4[经济管理—世界经济] F014.4