激发禹域——丝绸之路所见“大乘称号”的周流  

Stimulating the Land of Yu:The Circulation of the"Mahayana Title"Seen on the Silk Road

作　　者：湛如[1] ZHAN Ru(Peking University)

机构地区：[1]北京大学南亚学系

出　　处：《中华民族共同体研究》2024年第4期5-15,M0003,共12页Journal of the Chinese Nation Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“印度古典梵语文艺学重要文献翻译与研究”(18ZDA286)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中外文化交流史中,有一类以“大乘”为名的称号,颇可注意。玄奘西行,在印度获得了“大乘天”的称号,其弟子中,窥基与普光都继承了其“大乘”称号。在敦煌文本中也出现了大量的“大乘”称号。“名者,实之宾”,“大乘”称号不仅是宗教身份,更反映出中印文化的交流,乃至中国的政教关系。本文即以玄奘弟子中的“大乘”称号为引导,连结敦煌文献所见的“大乘贤者”称号,既释其名,也考其史,以探讨大乘称号在唐代的意义。In the history of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries,there is a noteworthy category of titles bearing the name"Mahayana."When Xuanzang traveled westward,he was conferred the title"Mahayana Deva"in India.Among his disciples,both Kuiji and Puguang inherited the"Mahayana"title.A large number of"Mahayana"titles also appear in Dunhuang texts.As the saying goes,"The name is the guest of reality,"the"Mahayana"title not only represents a religious identity but also reflects the cultural exchanges between China and India,as well as China's politicoreligious relations.This article uses the"Mahayana"titles among Xuanzang's disciples as a guide,connecting them with the"Mahayana sages"titles found in Dunhuang manuscripts,to explain their names and examine their history,thereby exploring the significance of the Mahayana title during the Tang Dynasty.

关 键 词：佛教的中国化 大乘 丝绸之路 

分 类 号：B949.2[哲学宗教—宗教学]