氧化物纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料高温力学性能及微观形貌  

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Oxide Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites at High Temperature

作　　者：慈吉良 高文博 刘健 张剑[1] 井良霄 于志刚 Ci Jiliang;Gao Wenbo;Liu Jian;Zhang Jian;Jing Liangxiao;Yu Zhigang(Aerospace Institute of Advanced Materials&Processing Technology,Beijing 100074,China;Beijing Institute of Aerospace Technology,Beijing 100074,China;Shandong Dongheng Sinofibre New Material Co.,Ltd,Dongying 257000,China)

机构地区：[1]航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所,北京100074 [2]北京空天技术研究所,北京100074 [3]山东东珩国纤新材料有限公司,山东东营257000

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2024年第11期3211-3216,共6页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

摘　　要：分别以氧化铝纤维和石英纤维作为增强体,采用溶胶-凝胶成型工艺制备出了氧化铝纤维增强二氧化硅复合材料(Al_(2)O_(3)f/SiO_(2))和石英纤维增强二氧化硅复合材料(SiO_(2)f/SiO_(2))2种氧化物纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料。分别研究了其在25~1400℃温度条件下的抗拉伸强度及抗压缩强度,并采用电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对复合材料的微观形貌和物相进行了表征。结果表明,在25~1000℃条件下,氧化铝纤维增强二氧化硅复合材料的力学性能远高于石英纤维增强二氧化硅复合材料。而当温度升高到1200℃及以上温度时,复合材料力学性能急剧下降,基体中的二氧化硅颗粒与氧化铝纤维之间发生强结合。当温度进一步提升到1300~1400℃时生成了莫来石相和α-方石英相,界面消失导致的脆性断裂是复合材料高温失效的主要机理。Alumina fiber reinforced silica composite(Al_(2)O_(3)f/SiO2)and quartz fiber reinforced silica composite(SiO2f/SiO2)were prepared by sol-gel process with alumina fiber and quartz fiber as reinforcement,respectively.The tensile strength and compressive strength of the composites at 25-1400℃were investigated,and the microstructure and phases of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.The results show that the mechanical properties of alumina fiber reinforced SiO2 composites are much better than those of quartz fiber reinforced SiO2 composites at 25-1000℃.However,while the temperature is raised to 1200℃,the mechanical properties decrease sharply,and strong bonding occurs between silica particles and fibers.As the temperature is further increased to 1300-1400℃,mullite andα-quartzite phases are formed.The mechanical properties of composites are sharply decreased due to brittle fracture under the action of stress.The brittle fracture caused by the disappearance of interfaces is the main mechanism of high temperature failure of composites.

关 键 词：氧化铝 二氧化硅 氧化物连续纤维 陶瓷基复合材料 高温力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]