嘉祥县大豆玉米带状间作复合种植与单作对比试验  

A Comparative Experiment Between Strip Intercropping of Soybean and Maize and Monoculture in Jiaxiang County

作　　者：曾海明 梁艳华[2] 夏丽光 胡杰 ZENG Haiming;LIANG Yanhua;XIA Liguang;HU Jie(Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Jiaxiang County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jining,Shandong 272400,China;Agricultural Research Institute,Tibet Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China;Jiaxiang County Market Supervision Administration Bureau,Jining,Shandong 272400,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉祥县农业农村局农业技术推广服务中心,山东济宁272400 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所,西藏自治区拉萨850000 [3]嘉祥县市场监督管理局,山东济宁272400

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第11期38-42,49,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：我国有限的土地资源无法满足玉米、大豆单作用地的需求。在传统玉米、大豆单作单位面积产量和效益难以大幅度提高的情况下,大豆玉米带状间作复合种植模式能够弥补土地资源不足,集约化利用土地、水、肥、气、光、热资源,增加通风透光,充分发挥边行优势,增加大豆的受光面积,是大豆玉米和谐共生种植模式。大豆、玉米复合种植模式是一项既能节约成本,又可提高单位面积产量和效益的可持续型农业技术。复合种植的目的是利用科学的方法,选择最佳的复合种植模式,提高产量和效益。不同的种植模式和方法对作物生长的农艺性影响不同,对作物的产量和效益影响也不同。本研究通过6∶3式、6∶4式、4∶2式三种玉米、大豆复合种植模式与大豆单作、玉米单作对比试验,分析表明:玉米、大豆三种复合种植模式的玉米、大豆农艺性状以及产量效益都比玉米单作、大豆单作表现好,玉米、大豆4∶2式带状复合种植模式下,作物的农艺经济性状表现更好,作物的增产、增效效果更加明显。China's limited land resources cannot meet the demand for sole cropping of maize and soybeans.In the context where significant increases in yield per unit area and per 667m2 benefits of traditional maize and soybean sole cropping are difficult to achieve,the strip intercropping model of soybean and maize can compensate for insufficient land resources.This model allows for intensive utilization of land,water,fertilizer,air,light and heat resources;increases ventilation and light penetration;fully leverages the advantages of inter-row spaces;and expands the light-receiving area for soybeans,fostering a harmonious coexistence of soybean and maize cultivation.The composite planting model of soybeans and maize is a sustainable agricultural technology that not only reduces costs but also enhances yield per unit area and benefits.The purpose of composite planting is to employ scientific methods to select excellent intercropping models that improve yield and efficiency.Different planting models and methods have varying agronomic effects on crop growth,impacting yield and benefits differently.This study compares three composite planting models of maize and soybean—6:3,6:4 and 4:2—with sole cropping of soybean and maize through designed experiments.Analysis of the experimental results indicates that the agronomic traits and yield benefits of maize and soybean in the three composite planting models outperform those of sole cropping,particularly the 4:2 strip intercropping model,which exhibits better agronomic and economic traits,leading to more significant increases in both yield and efficiency.

关 键 词：嘉祥县 带状间作复合种植与单作对比 栽培技术 高产机理 农艺性状及产量效益分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S565.1