铁源和生草种类对猕猴桃植株缺铁黄化矫治效果的影响  

Effects of Iron Sources and Grass Species on Correction of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Kiwifruit Plants

作　　者：牛友怡 冯亚青 刘占德[1] 王南南 NIU Youyi;FENG Yaqing;LIU Zhande;WANG Nannan(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第11期43-49,共7页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(编号2022NY-107)。

摘　　要：以‘脐红’猕猴桃组培苗为试材,采用盆栽法研究了重碳酸盐诱发缺铁条件下2种铁源(Fe-EDTA和Fe-EDDHA)和5个草种(高丹草、紫羊茅、鼠茅草、黑麦草和毛苕子)对猕猴桃缺铁黄化矫治效果的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,诱发缺铁处理植株新叶全铁含量下降,根中活性铁含量升高且氢离子外排减弱,这可能与诱发缺铁处理提高了根际基质pH和电导率但降低了DTPA铁含量有关。较之对照,EDTA铁源的诱发缺铁处理植株叶片SPAD值和Fv/Fm、根体积、茎中全铁和新叶活性铁分配率均下降;而EDDHA铁源的诱发缺铁植株茎全铁含量则升高,有利于地上部积累更多的铁来防止叶片缺铁黄化。在以EDTA为铁源的诱发缺铁基础上,播种高丹草和紫羊茅能够提高叶片SPAD值,但会降低根际基质pH和电导率。播种高丹草还提高了植株根和新叶活性铁及根中全铁含量、新叶活性铁分配率,但降低了植株新叶数、新叶和茎干重、老叶活性铁分配率;而播种紫羊茅则提高了叶片Fv/Fm值和根中活性铁含量。这些结果说明,在重碳酸盐诱发缺铁条件下,施用Fe-EDDHA或播种高丹草和紫羊茅均可有效缓解猕猴桃植株缺铁黄化,这为石灰性土壤上猕猴桃缺铁绿色高效防控提供了科学依据。A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of two iron sources(Fe-EDTA and{Fe-}EDDHA)and five grass species(Sorghum×Sudan grass,Festuca rubra,Vulpia myuros,Lolium perenne,and Vicia villosa)on the correction of iron deficiency chlorosis in tissue-cultured‘Qihong’kiwifruit plants.The results showed that,compared with the control,bicarbonate-induced iron deficiency(Bic)treatments led to a decrease in total iron content in new leaves,an increase in active iron content in roots,and a reduction in hydrogen ion efflux in roots.These changes were likely related to an increase in the pH and electrical conductivity,and a decrease in DTPA-Fe concentration in the rhizosphere medium caused by the Bic treatments.Compared with the control,the Bic treatment with Fe-EDTA resulted in lower SPAD values,reduced Fv/Fm,smaller root volume,and lower total iron content in stems,as well as decreased allocation of active iron to new leaves.Conversely,the Bic treatment with Fe-EDDHA increased total iron content in stems,promoting the accumulation of iron in the above-ground parts,which helps prevent leaf iron deficiency chlorosis.Planting Sorghum×Sudan grass or Festuca rubra in the Bic treatment with Fe-EDTA increased SPAD values but reduced the pH and electrical conductivity in the rhizosphere medium.Additionally,planting Sorghum×Sudan grass in the Bic treatment with Fe-EDTA increased active iron content in roots and new leaves,total iron content in roots,and active iron allocation to new leaves,but reduced the number of new leaves,the dry weight of new leaves and stems,and active iron allocation to old leaves.Planting Festuca rubra in the Bic treatment with Fe-EDTA increased Fv/Fm and active iron content in roots.These findings suggest that under bicarbonate-induced iron deficiency,the application of Fe-EDDHA or the planting of Sorghum×Sudan grass or Festuca rubra can effectively alleviate iron deficiency chlorosis in kiwifruit plants,which provides a scientific basis for environmentally-friendly and efficient mana

关 键 词：猕猴桃 生草 缺铁 黄化矫治 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]