热变形钕铁硼永磁体晶界扩散技术研究进展  

Progress in Grain Boundary Diffusion Process of Hot-deformed Nd-Fe-B Permanent Magnets

作　　者：郭贞山 信华琤 林鹏[1] 江树勇 Guo Zhenshan;Xin Huacheng;Lin Peng;Jiang Shuyong(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2024年第6期1076-1087,I0001,共13页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51505323);山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302123117)资助。

摘　　要：钕铁硼永磁体因其优异的性能得到了广泛应用,随着电动汽车、无人机、风力发电机等产业迅速发展,对钕铁硼永磁体的需求将会进一步增加。虽然钕铁硼永磁体的最大磁能积已接近理论极限,但作为永磁应用最重要性能之一的矫顽力仍远低于理论极限。热变形钕铁硼永磁体理论上可在不使用或少量使用重稀土的情况下获得高矫顽力,但实际生产中的矫顽力却比理论值低很多。近年来,晶界扩散技术成功应用到热变形钕铁硼永磁体上,有效提高了热变形钕铁硼永磁体的矫顽力,拓展了热变形钕铁硼永磁体的应用潜力,但鲜有人对其进行系统介绍。本文对热变形钕铁硼磁体晶界扩散技术从晶界扩散原理、起源与发展及研究进展三个方面进行了综述。Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets have been widely used due to excellent performance.With the rapid development of electric vehicles,drones and wind power generators,the demand for Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets will further increase.The maximum energy product of Nd-Fe-B magnets is close to the theoretical limit,but the coercivity which is one of the most important properties of permanent magnet applications remains far below the theoretical limit.In theory,hot deformed NdFeB magnets can obtain high coercivity without or with a small amount of heavy rare earth,but the coercivity in actual production is much lower than the theoretical value.In recent years,the grain boundary diffusion process has been successfully applied to hot deformed Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets,effectively improving the coercivity and enhancing the application potential of hot deformed Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets,but the systematic introduce on it is few.This paper reviews the grain boundary diffusion technology of hot deformed Nd-Fe-B magnets from three aspects,including grain boundary diffusion principle,origin and development and latest progress.

关 键 词：永磁体 钕铁硼 热变形 晶界扩散 矫顽力 

分 类 号：TM273[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]