玉米间作花生体系中玉米“源-库”特性对CO_(2)浓度升高和施磷的响应  

Response of intercropped maize“source-sink”characteristics to elevated CO_(2) concentration and phospho-rus application in maize intercropping with peanut system

作　　者：朱晨旭 郑宾 王笑笑 汪江涛 刘涵 丁迪 刘领 付国占 焦念元 ZHU Chenxu;ZHENG Bin;WANG Xiaoxiao;WANG Jiangtao;LIU Han;DING Di;LIU Ling;FU Guozhan;JIAO Nianyuan(College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology/Henan Dryland Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Center,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院/河南省旱地农业工程技术研究中心,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第11期3043-3052,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金项目(182300410014,212300410342)资助。

摘　　要：为了明确大气CO_(2)浓度升高(e[CO_(2)])对玉米与花生间作体系中玉米“源-库”特性的影响,本试验以环境CO_(2)浓度(a[CO_(2)])为对照,分别在0(P_(0))和180 kg P_(2)O_(5)·hm^(-2)(P_(180))两个磷水平下,分析了e[CO_(2)]下间作玉米的叶“源”量、气体交换参数、群体“源”生产能力、“库”容量、粒/叶、产量和间作优势。结果表明:与a[CO_(2)]相比,e[CO_(2)]提高了间作玉米的叶“源”量和“源”活性,显著增强了群体“源”生产能力;最大花丝数、实际结籽数和有效“库”容分别增加了8.0%~9.3%、10.0%~13.4%和10.4%~20.8%,籽粒平均干物质积累速率显著提高了10.7%~50.4%;粒/叶和收获指数分别增大了3.3%~7.4%和2.4%~7.9%;间作玉米产量和间作优势分别提高了10.8%~48.7%和20.4%~102.7%。施磷能进一步改善间作玉米的“源-库”关系,提高间作玉米产量,增加间作优势。综上,e[CO_(2)]可增强间作玉米“源”的性能,增大“库”容,促进籽粒灌浆,协调“源-库”关系,从而提高间作产量和偏土地当量比,增加间作优势。This study aimed to clarify the impacts of elevating CO_(2) concentration(e[CO_(2)])on maize“source-sink”characteristics in maize intercropping with peanut system.We investigated the impacts of e[CO_(2)]on leaf“source”quantity,gas exchange parameters,population“source”productivity,“sink”capacity,grain to leaf ratio,yield and intercropping advantage of maize under 0(P_(0))and 180 kg P_(2)O_(5)·hm^(-2)(P_(180)).The results showed that compared with ambient CO_(2) concentration(a[CO_(2)]),e[CO_(2)]augmented leaf“source”quantity and“source”activity of intercropping maize,and significantly increased productivity of population“source”.The silk maximum number,actual seed number and effective“sink”capacity were increased by 8.0%-9.3%,10.0%-13.4%,and 10.4%-20.8%,respectively.Concurrently,the average dry matter accumulation rate of grains was significantly increased by 10.7%-50.4%.The grain to leaf ratio and harvest index were increased by 3.3%-7.4%and 2.4%-7.9%,respectively.The yield and intercropping advantage were increased by 10.8%-48.7%and 20.4%-102.7%,respectively.Under e[CO_(2)],phosphorus application could further improve the“source-sink”relationship and maize yield,and increase the intercropping advantage.In summary,e[CO_(2)]enhanced the“source”performance and“sink”capacity of intercropping maize,promoted grain filling,regulated the“source-sink”relationship,enhanced yield,and thus increased the intercropping advantage.

关 键 词：玉米间作花生 CO_(2)浓度升高 “源”特性 “库”特性 间作优势 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S565.2