汉语方言词类重叠的变调类型与韵律形态——以福州话切脚式分音词为例  

Tone Change Pattern and Prosodic Morphology of Reduplication in Chinese Dialects--A Case Study of Sound-Divided-Words in Fuzhou Dialect

作　　者：耿丽君 Geng Lijun(International Education College,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学国际教育学院,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《语文学刊》2024年第5期45-53,115,共10页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“苏皖鄂赣江淮官话与周边方言的接触演变研究及数据库建设”(19ZDA307);江苏省社科基金青年项目“地理语言学视域下苏皖交界地带方言接触演变研究”(22YYC002)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：汉语方言重叠构词会产生三类固定变调,是非语音条件下形成的一种高低和强弱的韵律模式化,以凸显语用表达。本文以福州话切脚式分音词的重叠变调为例,从韵律角度概括它们的变调特征,结合相关制约规则对变调生成进行推导和解释,探讨汉语词类重叠变调与重音格局的关联,进一步丰富重音与变调关系的语言类型学描写。结果表明:在福州话词类重叠中产生的固定低调源于底层的浮游低调,它受不同韵律形态条件制约,最终在表层重叠式中生成不同调素。The Chinese dialects often exhibit three types of fixed tone change in reduplication,forming aprosodic pattern characterized by high-low tones as well as strong-weak stresses under non-phonetic conditions to emphasize pragmatic expression.This paper takes the fixed tone change found in Fuzhou dialect reduplication words as an example to summarize their characteristics from a prosodic perspective.It deduces and explains how these fixed tone change are generated by combining relevant constraint rules with an aim to explore the relationship between reduplication tone change and stress patterns in Chinese dialect reduplication,thereby enhancing the understanding of the typological description regarding stress-tone relationships.The results demonstrate that the fixed low tones observed in Fuzhou dialect reduplication originate from floating low tones in underlying representation,which are influenced by various prosodic constraints before giving rise to distinct tonemes within surface reduplication.

关 键 词：重叠 固定变调 轻重 韵律形态 

分 类 号：H177[语言文字—汉语]