“一带一路”背景下拟制交付功能提单的发展策略研究  

Development Strategies of Railway Bill of Lading with Constructive Delivery Functions under“Belt and Road Initiative”

作　　者：蒋诗云 何永兵 罗云奎 JIANG Shiyun;HE Yongbing;LUO Yunkui(Vientiane Operation Management Center of Pu’er Train Depot,China Railway Kunming Group Co.,Ltd.,Pu’er 665000,Yunnan,China;Transport Department,China Railway Kunming Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路昆明局集团有限公司普洱车务段万象运营管理中心,云南普洱665000 [2]中国铁路昆明局集团有限公司运输部,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2024年第12期44-49,60,共7页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：中国铁路昆明局集团有限公司重点课题(K24Y22)。

摘　　要：具备拟制交付功能的提单可以解决目前铁路使用的运单无法表征货物,铁路运输货物无法在途交易也无法质押融资等问题。通过对铁路运单与提单的概述,提出铁路承运人或货代签发具备拟制交付功能提单的3个特性:交单提货性、控货唯一性及转让流通性。研究提出提单的发展策略:一是采取铁路运单与提单协同发展的模式完善陆路运输规则,通过货代提单的规范运用推广,铁路承运人提单的服务延伸以及提单的电子化数字化发展,提升提单信用、扩充提单受众;二是分步推广提单全球化运用,即创设铁路承运人提单规则,试点运用铁路承运人提单,完善国内法条并争取金融机构支持,形成商事习惯及制定国际公约。为后续推动具备拟制交付功能提单的落地及广泛运用提供参考。The waybill currently used by the railway cannot represent the goods,and the railway transport goods can not be traded in transit or be pledged for financing.These problems can be solved through the railway bill of lading(B/L)with constructive delivery functions.Through an overview of railway consignment notes and B/L,this paper elucidated three features of railway B/L with constructive delivery functions possessed by railway carriers and freight forwarders:receipt of goods,unique control of goods,and transferability.This paper researched and put forward several development strategies.First,a coordinated development mode of railway B/L and waybill should be adopted for the perfection of land transport rules.Through the promotion of the normative application of the freight forwarder B/L,the services extension of the railway carrier B/L,and the electronic and digital development of B/L,the B/L credit can be enhanced and the number of B/L users can be increased.Second,the global B/L application should be promoted step by step through the creation of railway carrier B/L rules,the pilot application of railway carrier B/L,the perfection of domestic articles of law,and the efforts to support financial institutions.In this way,business customs can be formed and international conventions can be formulated.All of the above can provide effective references for the further implementation and widespread utilization of railway B/L with constructive delivery functions.

关 键 词：铁路提单 拟制交付功能 “一带一路” 铁路运单 协同发展 

分 类 号：U297.9[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] F530.82[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]