城际铁路可持续发展运营补贴机制研究  

Operation Subsidy Mechanism of Intercity Railways for Sustainable Development

作　　者：张维君 姚凤菊 邢颖[2] 焦敬娟[2] 赵健梅[2] ZHANG Weijun;YAO Fengju;XING Ying;JIAO Jingjuan;ZHAO Jianmei(Planning Finance Department,Beijing Tianjin Hebei Intercity Railway Investment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100092,China;School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]京津冀城际铁路投资有限公司计划财务部,北京100092 [2]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2024年第12期178-185,共8页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：京津冀城际铁路投资有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(JJJ-JH-JS-2022-006)。

摘　　要：在我国城际铁路快速发展的背景下,作为城市群、都市圈交通网络的骨干,因建设投资大、利息负担重、客流培育周期长等特征,城际铁路面临经营亏损、资金周转困难等问题,迫切需要研究如何保障城际铁路持久、有效地运营。从城际铁路可持续发展视角,通过分析城际铁路客流特点、运营特点、融资特点和运营补贴主体,提出静态情况下基于现金流平衡、盈亏平衡、预期收益的运营补贴模型,在动态情况下,考虑货币时间价值运营补贴模型,并从收入、成本、投资回报率层面分析影响运营补贴的主要因素,再以某城际铁路为例按照模型进行实例分析,得到3种补贴方案。最后提出运营补贴调节激励机制,以期为我国城际铁路运营补贴机制的构建提供建议。Amid the rapid development of intercity railways in China,while serving as the backbone of the transportation network of urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas,intercity railways face problems such as operational losses and difficult capital turnover due to huge construction investment,heavy interest burdens,and long cultivation cycles of passenger flows.Therefore,it is urgent to study how to ensure the sustainable and effective operation of intercity railways.From the perspective of sustainable development of intercity railways,this paper analyzed the passenger flow,operation,financing,and operation subsidy entity characteristics of intercity railways to propose a static operation subsidy model based on cash flow balance,profit and loss balance,and expected income,with a dynamic operation subsidy model considering the time value of money built.Meanwhile,this paper analyzed the main factors affecting the operation subsidy from the aspects of income,cost,and investment return rates.Additionally,by taking an intercity railway as an example,three subsidy schemes were obtained according to the models.Finally,a regulatory incentive mechanism for the operation subsidy was proposed to provide suggestions for the construction of an operation subsidy mechanism for intercity railways in China.

关 键 词：城际铁路 可持续发展 运营补贴主体 补贴模型 调节激励机制 

分 类 号：U2-9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]