水葫芦小型清捞机的设计与试验  

Design and Development of Small-sized Water Hyacinth Cleaning Machine

作　　者：陈圣豪 陈建能[2] 蒋超 蒋家建 陈品策 夏旭东[2] Chen Shenghao;Chen Jianneng;Jiang Chao;Jiang Jiajian;Chen Pingce;Xia Xudong(Qixin Honor School,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学启新学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江理工大学机械工程学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第11期83-88,共6页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975536);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210338055)。

摘　　要：目前对于水葫芦防治,我国大部分大型水域已有相对完善的防治技术与成熟设备,但是各类小型水域仍以人工清捞为主。为此,基于小型水域与水葫芦的特性,研发了一种水葫芦小型清捞机作为优于人工清捞的自动化解决方案。清捞机由打捞系统、切断分离系统、动力系统与电路控制系统4部分组成。打捞系统由无刷电机驱动的圆锯片、直流电机驱动的清捞轮与传送带组成,考虑运动过程中的特殊位置,建立了水葫芦清捞过程中的运动学模型以使水葫芦能顺利进入舱体;切断分离装置由双轴丝杆组成,通过静载荷与压杆稳定性得出丝杆的参数要求,通过总扭矩得出步进电机的参数要求。之后通过SolidWorks软件对打捞转轮进行静力学分析与优化设计以确保该关键零件的工作强度。搭建后进行实机测试,结果表明这种利用遥控操控的清捞机,操作简单省力、工作可靠,作业生产效率不低于67.5 m^(2)/min,能够实现在小型水域连续作业,在节省人力物力的同时,极大提高了清捞作业效率与素质要求。Currently,for water hyacinth prevention and control,there are many relatively perfect prevention and control technologies and mature equipment for most of China's large water areas,but the strategy for all kinds of small water areas is still mainly artificial cleaning.Therefore,based on the characteristics of the small water area and water hyacinth,a small water hyacinth cleaning machine is developed as an automatic solution superior to manual cleaning.The cleaning machine is designed with four parts:a fishing system,a cutting and separating system,a power system,and a circuit control system.The fishing system comprises a circular saw blade driven by a brushless motor,a cleaning wheel driven by a DC motor,and a conveyor belt.Considering the special position in the movement process,the kinematic model of the water hyacinth cleaning process is established to make the water hyacinth smoothly enter the tank body.The cutting and separating device is composed of a two-axis screw rod.The parameters of the screw rod are obtained by static load and pressure rod stability,and the parameters of the stepper motor are obtained by total torque.Then SolidWorks software is used to carry out static analysis and optimization design of the salvage wheel to ensure the working strength of the key parts.After constructing the real machine test,the results show that this cleaning machine with remote control is outstanding for its simple operation,labor saving and reliable,work efficiency is not less than 67.5 m^(2)/min.The machine is able to achieve continuous operation in small waters,saving manpower and material resources,and greatly improving the cleaning efficiency and quality requirements.

关 键 词：自动化 水葫芦清捞机 遥控控制 SOLIDWORKS 

分 类 号：TP27[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]