基于凸极弱化效应的永磁电机过载能力提升研究  

Study on Overload Capacity Enhancement of Permanent Magnet Motor Based on Salient-effect-weaken

作　　者：李文瑞 姜璐 甘磊 杨雄 左亚军 Li Wenrui;Jiang Lu;Gan Lei;Yang Xiong;Zuo Yajun(BYD Auto Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518083,China;Midea Group Co.,Ltd.,Foshan,Guangdong 528311,China)

机构地区：[1]比亚迪汽车工业有限公司,广东深圳518083 [2]美的集团股份有限公司,广东佛山528311

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第11期274-277,295,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：随着电机转矩/功率密度不断提升,电机电磁负荷不断增加。在有限的空间内,电、磁负荷的增长往往导致严重的磁饱和问题,限制永磁电机转矩/功率及过载能力的提升。针对负载情况下的磁饱和问题,提出一种磁路优化技术,即基于反凸极效应对转子冲片设置交轴磁障,并从理论分析、仿真优化和实验验证3个维度对其进行阐述和论证。首先,从电机转矩公式和磁场分布特点出发,揭示电枢反应磁场对电机铁心磁饱和的影响规律,同时明确交轴磁障抑制负载磁饱和、提高转矩能力的作用机理。随后,对影响交轴磁障作用效果的3个重要因素进行分析,包括极槽配合、磁钢性能以及齿宽。最后,以通过实验验证该技术点的有效性,结果表明转矩和最大功率提升明显,实现电机转矩及功率密度优化。研究成果不仅在于提出一种新的转矩提升方法,也为家电、工业控制及交通运输领域的各类电机产品的过载能力及功率密度提升提供了新思路。As the motor torque/power density increases,the electromagnetic load on the motor increases.In order to satisfy the increasing demand for the optimization of cost and performance,the sizes and weights of permanent magnet motor are trend to decrease,whereas the torque densities and the power densities are trend to increase.In limited space,however,it becomes hard to the increases the overload capacity due to the magnetic saturation problem.To deal with the magnetic saturation problem caused by armature reaction,a novel method based on the inverse-saliency effect is proposed.It has the merits of good generality and cost advantage.In particular,the q-axis magnetic barriers are adopted to produce the inverse-saliency effect so that the magnetic saturation can be reduced,which is explained and validated by theoretical analysis,simulation and experiment.First of all,the relationship between armature reaction and magnetic saturation is revealed based on torque equation and magnetic field distribution.Then the principle of on-load magnetic saturation reduction by use of q-axis magnetic barriers is explained.Besides,the influences of three main factors,i.e.the pole-slot combinations,the performance of the magnets,and the tooth width,are investigated.Finally,the proposed method is proved by experiments.The contribution is not only the proposal of a novel method for torque enhancement,but also a new insight in other motors in various area,such as appliances,industries and transportations.

关 键 词：反凸极 交轴磁障 磁饱和 电枢反应 永磁电机 

分 类 号：TM313[电气工程—电机]