新型冷冻笔制作大鼠局部冻伤模型的研究  

Study on making local frostbite model of rats with a novel freezer pen

作　　者：罗勇华[1] 顾明生 刘展[3] 陈芸[4] 王嘉莹 朱高层[1] 陈凌云 LUO Yonghua;GU Mingsheng;LIU Zhan;CHEN Yun;WANG Jiaying;ZHU Gaoceng;CHEN Lingyun(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Jiangsu 226005;Department of Dermatological,Jiangsu 226005;Physiology Teaching and Research Section,Medical School of Nangtong University;Nantong City Disease Prevention and Control Center;Department of Pathology,Nantong Fourth People’s Hospital,Jiangsu 226005)

机构地区：[1]南通市第四人民医院检验科,江苏226005 [2]南通市第四人民医院皮肤科,江苏226005 [3]南通大学医学院生理教研室 [4]南通市疾病预防控制中心 [5]南通市第四人民医院病理科,江苏226005

出　　处：《交通医学》2024年第5期441-443,448,共4页Medical Journal of Communications

基　　金：南通市科技局基础科学研究资助项目(JCZ2022124)。

摘　　要：目的:研究新型冷冻笔制作不同程度皮肤冻伤动物模型的可行性。方法:无特定病原体(specific pathogen free,SPF)级大鼠10只,分别标记A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J。将冷冻笔从-60℃低温冰箱取出后紧贴大鼠尾巴近根部皮肤。A、B、C、D大鼠分别以-50℃、-30℃、-50℃、-30℃为起始温度,A、B大鼠每个部位冷冻2次,共6次,每次40 s,C、D大鼠每个部位冷冻2次,共6次,每次25 s,造成皮肤局部冻伤,24小时后处死大鼠,取冻伤皮肤组织作病理观察。E、G、I大鼠以-50℃为起始温度,F、H、J大鼠以-30℃为起始温度,均冷冻40 s间隔20 s,重复3次。在冷冻后24 h处死E、F大鼠,48 h处死G、H大鼠,120 h处死I、J大鼠,取冻伤皮肤组织作病理观察。结果:冷冻起始温度越低,作用时间越长,频次越多,冻伤程度越严重。冻伤后24 h组织细胞变性、水肿较明显,炎症反应较轻。冻伤后48 h、120 h炎症反应较严重,大量淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞浸润。冻伤后120 h组织细胞变性、水肿减轻,冻伤开始逐步修复。结论:新型冷冻笔通过控制冷冻起始温度、作用时间、作用面积、作用频次,可制作各种冻伤程度的冻伤动物模型,为研究冻伤机制和冷冻治疗提供合适的工具。Objective:To study the feasibility of making different degrees of skin frostbite model with a novel freezer pen.Methods:Ten rats with specific pathogen free were labeled A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,respectively.The novel freezer pen was taken out from the-60 ℃ freezer and pressed close to the skin near the root of the rat tail.Rats A,B,C and D were frozen at-50℃,-30℃,-50℃,and-30℃ separately.Rats A and B were frozen twice in each part for 6 times,40seconds each time;rats C and D were frozen twice in each part for 6 times,25 seconds each time,resulting in local skin frostbite.The rats were killed 24 hours later,and the frostbitten skin tissues were taken for pathological observation.E,G,I rats were frozen at-50°C,and F,H,and J rats were frozen at-30°C at the starting temperature,all of which were frozen for 40 seconds at an interval of 20 seconds,and repeated 3 times.Rats E and F were killed 24 hours after freezing,rats G and H were killed 48 hours after freezing,and rats I and J were killed 120 hours after freezing.The skin tissue of frostbite was taken for pathological observation.Results:The lower the initial freezing temperature,the longer the duration and frequency of freezing,the more serious the degree of frostbite.After frostbite for 24 h,the tissue cell degeneration and edema were obvious,and the inflammatory reaction was light.After frostbite for 48 h and 120 h,the inflammatory reaction was serious,and a large number of lymphocytes and neutrophils were infiltrated.After frostbite for 120 h,histiocytic degeneration and edema were relieved.The frostbite began to heal gradually.Conclusion:By manipulating the initial freezing temperature,duration of acting,area of application and frequency of application,the novel freezer pen is capable of make different degrees of skin frostbite animal models,which provides a suitable tool for studying the mechanism of frostbite and cryotherapy.

关 键 词：冷冻笔 冻伤模型 大鼠 皮肤 病理学观察 

分 类 号：Q95.33[生物学—动物学]