不同采收期罗布麻纤维的变化及脱胶工艺  

Changes in Apocynum venetum fiber and degumming process at different harvesting stages

作　　者：孟润菁 陈英 张世双[1,3] MENG Runjing;CHEN Ying;ZHANG Shishuang(College of Textiles and Clothing,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent and Green Textile,Urumqi 830017,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学纺织与服装学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]东华大学化学与化工学院,上海201620 [3]新疆智能与绿色纺织重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《印染》2024年第12期21-25,共5页China Dyeing and Finishing

基　　金：新疆重点研发专项(2023B02045-3)。

摘　　要：研究了不同采收期罗布麻韧皮的化学组分和纤维性能,以及罗布麻KOH脱胶工艺。研究发现,随着采收期从7月延长到11月,罗布麻韧皮中纤维素质量分数由31.9%上升至46.8%,木质素含量也呈递增趋势,半纤维素、脂蜡质、果胶、水溶物含量呈递减趋势,脱胶后纤维细度、单纤维强力以及单纤维长度均增加。10月后采收的罗布麻纺织服用性能更好。罗布麻KOH脱胶条件为KOH 10 g/L,H_(2)O_(2)4 g/L,时间75 min,浴比1∶50,脱胶后纤维白度83.6%,残胶率4.50%,单纤维断裂强力21.69cN,纤维素质量分数87.9%。SEM观察表明,脱胶后纤维表面光滑。The fiber properties and chemical components of Apocynum venetum bark at different harvesting stages,as well as degumming process with KOH are studied.As the harvesting period extends from July to November,the mass fraction of cellulose of Apocynum venetum bark increases from 31.9% to 46.8%.The lignin content also showes an increasing trend,the content of hemicellulose,lipid wax,pectin and water-soluble matter show a decreasing trend,and the fiber fineness,single-fiber strength and single-fiber length increase after degumming.The results show that the Apocynum venetum harvested after October is suitable for textile.The degumming conditions of Apocynum venetum is KOH 10 g/L,H_(2)O_(2)4 g/L,temperature 95℃,time 0.5 h,liquor ratio of 1∶50.After degumming,the whiteness of the fiber is 83.6%,the residual glue rate is 4.50%,and the breaking strength of the single fiber is 21.69 cN,the mass fraction of cellulose is 87.9%.SEM observation shows that the fiber surface is smooth after degumming.

关 键 词：罗布麻韧皮 采收期 化学组分 KOH脱胶 纤维性能 

分 类 号：TS192.551[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]