新三峡库区长期地质安全战略研究  

Studies on long-term geological safety strategy in the new Three Gorges Reservoir area

作　　者：殷跃平[1] Yin Yueping

机构地区：[1]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第22期26-35,共10页China Water Resources

基　　金：中国工程院战略咨询项目“新三峡库区城镇和航道长期地质安全保障战略研究”(2021-XZ-001)。

摘　　要：2020年11月三峡水利枢纽工程由175 m试验性蓄水过渡到正常蓄水运行阶段。由于三峡库区人口增加达到1000万人以上,加之长江航运年货运量将达到2亿t,如何保障库区城镇和航道长期地质安全成为防灾减灾工作的重中之重。总结了三峡工程蓄水运行期间库区地质灾害演化特征,介绍了三峡库区地质灾害监测预警系统,指出了水位循环消落导致库岸岩体劣化问题以及滑坡涌浪风险,提出了库区城镇和航道长期地质安全措施建议:大力提升库区城镇滑坡、高边坡和岸坡劣化带实时监测与精准预警信息化水平;高度重视岸坡劣化带造成的滑坡崩塌灾害风险并加快分区分期综合治理;进一步加强库区城镇扩展新区不良地质工程和潜在滑坡灾害整治,探索划定地质灾害红线;加强库区城镇地质灾害风险管理和地质安全诊断;加强三峡库区地质灾害防治和应急处置能力建设;加快三峡工程蓄水以来的地质灾害科学技术研究。为三峡后续工作提供前瞻性、针对性、储备性的防灾减灾技术综合对策参考。In November 2020,the water storage level of the Three Gorges Dam was transitioned from 175 meter in experimental period to a normal operation level.Due to the population increase of over 10million people in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,coupled with the annual cargo volume of the Yangtze River reaching 200 million tons,how to ensure long-term geological safety of townships and waterways in the reservoir area has become a top priority for disaster prevention and mitigation.Based on features of evolution of geological hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir area during impoundment and operation periods,introductions are made on the monitoring and early warning system for geological hazards and problems with rock mass degradation and landslide surge risk caused by water level cycling and subsidence.Measures for long-term geological safety are proposed,such as using real-time monitoring for accurate early warning of landslides,high slopes,and bank slope degradation zones in urban areas around the reservoir area by application of information technology,paying more attention to the risks of landslides and collapses caused by deterioration zone of bank slope and accelerate comprehensive management of zoning and staging;strengthening remediation of unqualified geological structures and potential landslide disasters in the new areas expanded from the cities in the reservoir area,defining redlines for geological hazards;highlighting geological hazard risk management and geological safety diagnosis in resettlement townships;building up geological disaster prevention and emergency response capabilities;focusing on scientific and technological research on geological hazards since the impoundment of the reservoir,so as to work out forward-looking and targeted technologies and measures for comprehensive prevention and reduction of disasters during the follow-up work of the Three Gorges Project.

关 键 词：新三峡库区 地质安全 地质灾害 岩体劣化 监测预警 

分 类 号：TV61[水利工程—水利水电工程] P642.2[天文地球—工程地质学]