百万移民铸就“三峡梦”  

Millions of immigrants forge the soul of the “Three Gorges Dream”

作　　者：陶景良 Tao Jingliang

机构地区：[1]水利部离退休干部局,北京100053

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第22期94-99,共6页China Water Resources

摘　　要：三峡工程的兴建使中华民族创造了世界工程移民史上的奇迹,充分体现了我国社会主义制度能够集中力量办大事的优越性。回顾、总结三峡移民工作中涉及的新理念、新机制、新方法。从三峡库区移民基本情况、开发性移民方针确立、开发性移民成果等方面,梳理了开发性移民为三峡库区带来的重大变化以及全国对口支援三峡移民的典型经验和显著成果。为保护三峡库区生态环境和三峡水库“一盆净水”,实行三峡移民政策“两个调整”和水污染、地质灾害“两个防治”,调整农村移民安置和受淹工矿企业搬迁政策,实行三峡库区及其上游水污染与库区地质灾害同防治,同时进行严格的库底清理,为保护人民健康和库区生态作出重要贡献。三峡移民工作在管理、监督方面进行创新,编制分县、分大类移民安置规划,补偿资金实行“静态控制、动态管理”,提出移民安置质量指标体系,建立移民稽察、审计、工程质量检查、综合监理等监督体系,创新了具有中国特色工程移民之路。The construction of the Three Gorges Project enabled the Chinese nation to create a miracle in the history of engineering migration in the world,and fully reflected the superiority of our socialist system in being able to concentrate its resources to do great things.New concepts,mechanisms,and methods involved in the Three Gorges immigration are reviewed and summarized.The development oriented immigration has made great achievement and brought significant changes to the Three Gorges Reservoir area,based on review of typical experiences on implementing development oriented immigration policies.In order to protect ecology and environment for clean water in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,"two adjustments" for the immigration policy and measures for water pollution and geological disaster prevention and control have been carried out.Water pollution control in the reservoir area and its upstream has been conducted together with geological disaster reduction in the reservoir area,by adjusting the policies for rural resettlement and relocation of flooded industrial plants and mines.At the same time,strict cleaning of the bottom of the reservoir has made important contributions to protecting people's health and the ecology of the reservoir area.Innovative approaches has been adopted for the management and supervision of resettlement work,with preparation of plans by county and category,implementation of “static control and dynamic management”for compensation funds,proposal of a quality index system for resettlement and establishment of supervision systems such as immigration inspection,audit,engineering quality inspection,and comprehensive supervision.

关 键 词：三峡工程 开发性移民 对口支援 安置 搬迁 水污染防治 地质灾害防治 库底清理 经验启示 

分 类 号：TV632[水利工程—水利水电工程] D632.4[政治法律—政治学]