渐进分异:暂时性贫困的生成机制分析  

Progressive Differentiation:An Analysis of the Generative Mechanism of Temporary Poverty

作　　者：李瑾 张乐[2,3] 李森林[2,3] LI Jin;ZHANG Le;LI Sen-lin(Teaching and Research Department of Management Science,Party School of the Linyi Committee of C.P.C,Linyi 276034,China;Quality of Life and Public Policy Research Center,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;School of Political Science and Public Administration,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237)

机构地区：[1]中共临沂市委党校管理学教研部,山东临沂276034 [2]山东大学生活质量与公共政策研究中心,山东青岛266237 [3]山东大学政治学与公共管理学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期75-83,共9页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Social Science)

基　　金：2024年度山东省人文社科课题“新质生产力视域下残疾人就业适应性研究”(24BFS027)。

摘　　要：有效治理贫困是世界性难题,而“乌卡时代”的到来进一步增加了治贫的不确定性和难度。在以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设的新征程中,一些新型的贫困问题,如暂时性贫困,日益成为影响民生福祉提高的重要障碍。本文基于访谈资料和临时救助政策文件,以家庭为分析单位,对暂时性贫困的生成机理进行了质性分析,并将该机制提炼为渐进分异机制。该机制的构成要素和运行逻辑为:第一,其核心要素包含了家庭系统外要素和家庭系统内要素两大类;第二,家庭系统不同要素之间的两次博弈与渐进分异生成了暂时性贫困家庭。其中,初次分异表现为家庭韧性抵御风险冲击失败和家庭危机产生;二次分异则表现为新的常规支持干预家庭危机失灵与暂时性贫困家庭生成。本文对于暂时性贫困家庭的生成机理的探索,不仅有助于深化对暂时性贫困问题的认识,同时也能为防范和治理暂时性贫困提供政策参考。Effective poverty governance is a worldwide challenge,and the advent of the"VUCA era"has further increased the uncertainty and difficulty of addressing poverty.In the new journey of comprehensively promoting the building of a powerful nation through Chinese-style modernization,some emerging poverty issues,such as temporary poverty,are increasingly becoming significant obstacles to improving people's livelihood and well-being.Based on interview data and temporary assistance policy documents,this paper conducts a qualitative analysis of the generative mechanism of temporary poverty,using families as the unit of analysis,and summarizes this mechanism as a progressive differentiation mechanism.The constituent elements and operational logic of this mechanism are as follows:First,the core elements are divided into two categories:those external to the family system and those within the family system;Second,two rounds of interactions and progressive differentiations among different elements within the family system lead to the formation of temporarily poor families.Specifically,the initial differentiation manifests as the failure of family resilience to withstand risk shocks and the emergence of family crises;the secondary differentiation manifests as the ineffectiveness of new conventional support in intervening in family crises and the subsequent formation of temporarily poor families.The exploration of the generative mechanism of temporarily poor families in this paper not only helps deepen our understanding of temporary poverty but also provides policy references for preventing and addressing temporary poverty.

关 键 词：暂时性贫困 风险冲击 家庭韧性 渐进分异机制 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理]