播种期对再生稻积温及产量的影响  

Effect of planting date on accumulated temperature and yield of ratooning rice

作　　者：易佳 郑华斌[1] 唐启源[1] 毛瑞清 邹丹 张明 刘龙生 方升亮 黄益国 陈友平 YI Jia;ZHENG Huabin;TANG Qiyuan;MAO Ruiqing;ZOU Dan;ZHANG Ming;LIU Longsheng;FANG Shengliang;HUANG Yiguo;CHEN Youping(College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hengyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hengyang 421200,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]衡阳市农业科学院,湖南衡阳421200

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2024年第12期30-38,共9页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-72);衡阳市基础项目(202250045246)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究播种期对再生稻生长发育及产量的影响。【方法】基于裂区试验,以播种期为主区,设置6个播种期(B1:3月15日、B2:3月20日、B3:3月25日、B4:3月30日、B5:4月5日、B6:4月10日),不同生育期品种为副区(长生育期品种:Y两优900(YLY900)、中生育期品种:Y两优911(YLY911))。【结果】YLY911平均周年生育期为215 d,相比YLY900短18 d,头季短8 d,再生季短10 d。随着播种期的推迟,2个品种均缩短了头季可变营养生长期,播种期越晚,两季生育期缩短幅度越大。YLY911头季产量、再生季产量和周年产量均随着播种期呈抛物线变化规律。长生育期品种YLY900表现为再生季产量和周年产量均随播种期的推迟呈下降规律,均为B1处理最高。YLY911头季产量、再生季产量和周年产量均高于YLY900,其中,头季产量和周年产量均达到显著水平。2个品种的周年有效积温均随播种期推迟呈先增加后降低的趋势,在B2处理下达到峰值,随着播种期的推迟,积温下降幅度增加,YLY900的头季及周年有效积温均显著高于YLY911,但再生季的有效积温低于YLY911。【结论】在湘中地区,长生育期品种在气温稳定达到播种起始气温时尽早播种,最佳播种期为3月15日,晚播会导致严重减产。中生育期品种要适当早播,在长生育期品种最佳播种期的基础上要适当推迟5 d播种,待气温回升后播种,周年产量更高。湘中地区更适宜种植中生育期再生稻品种。【Objective】The effect of temperature on plant development is often characterized by degree days or accumulated temperature.In this paper,we investigate how planting date affects accumulated temperature and the consequence for the yield of two ratooning rice varieties.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a rice field in Changsha,central Hunan province.It included two rice varieties:Y Liangyou 900(YLY900),which has a long growth period,and Y Liangyou 911(YLY911),which has a moderate growth period.The seeds of both varieties were sown on March 15(B1),March 20(B2),March 25(B3),March 30(B4),April 5(B5),or April 10(B6)to establish a planting date gradient.In each treatment,we measured physiological parameters including growth duration,yield component,and seed-setting rate to evaluate the physiological development of the crops.【Result】The average annual growth period of YLY911 was 215 days.Its first and regeneration seasons were eight and ten days shorter,respectively,than those of YLY900.Delaying the planting date shortened the vegetative growth period of the first season and reduced the total growth period of both seasons in both varieties.The variation in grain yield in the first and regeneration season,as well as annual yield of YLY911,followed a parabolic relationship,peaking in B2.Conversely,the yield of YLY900 decreased steadily as planting date was delayed.Yields in the first and regeneration season,as well as annual yield,were consistently higher in YLY911 than in YLY900.The primary factors affecting grain yields were the number of ears per unit area and the seed-setting rate.With delay in planting dates,the annual accumulated temperature for both varieties first increased and then declined,peaking in B2.The accumulated temperature in the first and annual seasons for YLY900 was significantly higher than for YLY911,while the accumulated temperature in the regeneration season was lower for YLY900 than for YLY911.Such differences in the regeneration season between the two varieties were statisticall

关 键 词：再生稻 播种期 产量 积温 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]