Strengthening Africa's response to Mpox(monkeypox):insights from historical outbreaks and the present global spread  

作　　者：David B.Olawade Ojima Z.Wada Sandra Chinaza Fidelis Oluwafemi S.Oluwole Chibuike S.Alisi Nifemi F.Orimabuyaku Aanuoluwapo Clement David-Olawade 

机构地区：[1]Department of Allied and Public Health,School of Health,Sport and Bioscience,University of East London,London,United Kingdom [2]Department of Research and Innovation,Medway NHS Foundation Trust,Gillingham ME75NY,United Kingdom [3]Department of Public Health,York St John University,London,United Kingdom [4]Division of Sustainable Development,College of Science and Engineering,Hamad Bin Khalifa University,Qatar Foundation,Doha,Qatar [5]School of Nursing and Midwifery,University of Central Lancashire,Preston Campus,United Kingdom [6]Department of Public Health,School of Health and Life Science,Teesside University,Middlesbrough,United Kingdom g [7]English Programme,Bowen University,Iwo,Osun State,Nigeria [8]Endoscopy Unit,Glenfield Hospital,University Hospitals of Leicester,NHS Trust,Leicester,United Kingdom

出　　处：《Science in One Health》2024年第1期42-54,共13页全健康科学（英文）

摘　　要：Mpox,formerly known as monkeypox,is a viral zoonotic disease endemic to Central and West Africa that has posed significant public health challenges since its identification in 1970.Despite decades of experience in managing outbreaks,the 2022-2024 Mpox outbreaks exposed substantial gaps in global preparedness and response,leading the World Health Organization(WHO)to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern(PHEIC)in 2022.The resurgence of cases in Europe in 2022 and the more recent emergence of the virulent clade Ib in the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC)in 2024 have highlighted a critical need for improved proactive and response strategies to curb the epidemic.This narrative review examines the historical and recent epidemiology of Mpox in Africa and explores the factors that have limited effective management.These include objective influences such as viral mutations,zoonotic transmission patterns,and environmental changes like deforestation,as well as subjective factors,including delayed responses,limited vaccine availability,cessation of smallpox vaccinations,and inequitable access to healthcare.In particular,the review emphasizes the ongoing disparities in global health equity,as wealthier nations have been able to secure vaccines and therapeutics quickly,while endemic regions in Africa continue to struggle with limited resources.The review also discusses how socio-economic and cultural factors,combined with weak public health infrastructure and inadequate surveillance systems,perpetuate cycles of outbreak in vulnerable populations.Furthermore,the emergence of clade Ib in 2024,with its higher virulence and mortality rates among children,particularly in rural areas,underscores the urgency of addressing the evolving epidemiological landscape of Mpox.In response to these challenges,this review recommends strengthening healthcare infrastructure,enhancing surveillance systems,ensuring equitable access to vaccines and treatments,and integrating environmental management into public health strate

关 键 词：Mpox Zoonotic diseases Outbreak management Emerging infectious diseases Surveillance systems 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]