小麦多级镇压力调控播种单体设计与试验  

Design and experiment of wheat multi-level ballast control sowing monomer

作　　者：何勋[1,2,3] 王淼森 张润 祝英豪 陈岩 邵福龙 陈牙 陈星超 吕志军 HE Xun;WANG Miaosen;ZHANG Run;ZHU Yinghao;CHEN Yan;SHAO Fulong;CHEN Ya;CHEN Xingchao;L Zhijun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Henan Province Agricultural Precision Operation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Henan Province Low Carbon Agriculture Intelligent Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省农业精准作业技术与装备工程研究中心,河南郑州450002 [3]河南省低碳农业智能装备工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002 [4]郑州铁路职业技术学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2024年第6期1002-1011,共10页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(222102110330);河南农业大学农业工程流动站博士后研究人员资助(10400103)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于小麦宽苗带种沟镇压播种原理,设计了一种小麦仿形播种单体的多级镇压装置,解决中国黄淮海地区土壤条件变化引起的小麦种子播种不均匀和土壤镇压不实问题。【方法】通过对仿形播种单体的整体受力分析与EDEM-Recurdyn耦合仿真,得到播种沟镇压力范围为100~300 N。以播深合格率、播深变异系数+、种沟土壤容积质量为试验指标,基于Box-Behnken试验设计方法的土槽试验建立小麦播种单体多级镇压装置关键参数的二次多项回归模型。【结果】土槽试验得到播前土壤容积质量为0.97、1.12、1.25、1.35和1.41 g·cm^(-3)时,种沟镇压力分别为300、250、210、150、100 N。在最佳参数组合条件下,利用小麦播种单体多级镇压装置作业后土壤容积质量稳定在1.3~1.4 g·cm^(-3),播深合格率均值为96.64%,显著改善了种床条件,提高了播种质量。【结论】小麦多级镇压力调控播种单体能满足黄淮海地区播种作业需求,可为中国黄淮海地区小麦播种提供装备支持和技术参考。【Objective】In order to solve the problem of uneven sowing of wheat seeds and unreal soil suppression caused by the change of soil conditions in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of China,a multi-level suppression device for wheat profiling seeding monomer was designed based on the principle of suppressive sowing of wheat wide seedling belt seed furrow.【Method】Through the analysis of the overall force of the profiling seeding monomer and the coupling simulation of EDEM-Recurdyn,the ballast pressure range of the sowing seed ditch was obtained as 100~300 N.According to the soil groove test based on the Box-Behnken experimental design method,the quadratic multinomial regression model of the key parameters of the multi-level compression device of wheat sowing monomer was established.【Result】The results show that the soil bulk density before sowing were 0.97、1.12、1.25、1.35 and 1.41 g·cm^(-3),and the ballast pressures were 300,250,210,150 and 100 N,respectively.Under the optimal combination of parameters,the soil bulk density was stable at 1.3~1.4 g·cm^(-3) and the average pass rate of sowing depth was 96.64%,which significantly improved the seed bed conditions and the sowing quality.【Conclusion】The multi-level ballast control sowing monomer of wheat can meet the needs of sowing operations in the Huang-Huai-Hai region,and can provide equipment support and technical reference for wheat sowing in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of China.

关 键 词：小麦播种 种沟镇压 单体设计 镇压力调节 试验研究 

分 类 号：S225.31[农业科学—农业机械化工程]