微波加热对石油沥青的化学、流变及工程特性的影响  

Effect of Microwave Heating on Chemical,Rheological and Engineering Properties of Petroleum Asphalt

作　　者：王黎明[1] 孙永卓 庞宏 许继新 董明泽 WANG Liming;SUN Yongzuo;PANG Hong;XU Jixin;DONG Mingzhe(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学土木与交通学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第24期276-283,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52278449);黑龙江省交通运输科技项目(HJK2023B014-3);黑龙江省交通运输厅科技项目(20210027)。

摘　　要：微波加热用于沥青路面养护高效且节能,但微波加热沥青附带的化学效应影响尚未被关注。本工作借助四组分分析、红外光谱分析、光学显微观察等方法分析了微波加热沥青的化学成分和化学结构变化。结果表明,经历10 min微波辐照后的典型石油沥青重质组分显著减少,沥青质聚集体均化分散,同时部分饱和化合物转化为非饱和化合物,判断是微波的选择性不均匀加热使沥青发生了低温热裂化。动态剪切流变、弯曲梁流变、旋转薄膜烘箱老化等进一步的流变和工程特性分析表明,微波加热沥青的高温黏度显著降低,中温时略变软且触变界限提高,低温时蠕变能力下降,软化点和玻璃化温度等协调关系发生了反常的变化,耐老化性下降。微波加热过程对沥青理化性质的影响是显著和深远的,同时它对沥青的活化和降黏作用也有改性、再生、温拌等工程应用的可能。Microwave heating is efficient and energy-saving for asphalt pavement maintenance,however,the additional chemical effects of the microwave heating process on asphalt have not been paid attention to.In this work,chemical composition and structural changes of asphalt heated by microwave were analyzed by four-component analysis,infrared spectrum analysis,optical microscopic observation.The results showed that the typical heavy components of petroleum asphalt after 10 min microwave irradiation were significantly reduced,the asphaltene aggregates were homogenized and dispersed,and some saturated compounds were converted into unsaturated compounds.Further rheological and engineering characteristics analysis such as dynamic shear rheology,bending beam rheology,and aging of rotary film oven showed that,at a high temperature,the viscosity of asphalt heated by microwave decreases significantly,at a medium temperature,the asphalt slightly softened and its thixotropic limit increased,at a low temperature,creep ability of the asphalt decreased,and the coordination relationship between softe-ning point and glass transition temperature changed abnormally,and the aging resistance decreased.The influence of microwave heating process on the physical and chemical properties of asphalt is significant and far-reaching,and it also provides the possibility of modification,regeneration,warm mix and other engineering applications for asphalt activation and viscosity reduction.

关 键 词：道路工程 石油沥青 微波加热 化学 流变 工程特性 

分 类 号：U416[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]