全混合日粮中发酵菜籽粕替代豆粕对奶牛生产性能、血清生化指标及养分消化率的影响  

The effects of fermented rapeseed meal replacing soybean meal in a fully mixed diet on the production performance,serum biochemical indicators,and nutrient digestibility of cows

作　　者：王芳彬 韩芙蓉 袁勇 潘晓荣 武文莉 顾慧慧 WANG Fangbin;HAN Furong;YUAN Yong;PAN Xiaorong;WU Wenli;GU Huihui(Gansu Provincial Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省畜牧技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第22期117-120,共4页China Feed

基　　金：2023年甘肃省科技计划项目(23CXNA0028)。

摘　　要：文章旨在研究发酵菜籽粕在奶牛养殖中的应用效果。试将120头体况相近的荷斯坦奶牛随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头。对照组根据NY/T34-2004提供饲料,其余3组奶牛分别饲喂发酵菜籽粕替代33.33%(试验I组)、66.67%(试验Ⅱ组)、100%(试验Ⅲ组)豆粕的试验日粮。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果显示:(1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组干物质采食量、平均日产奶量分别显著降低6.99%(P<0.05)、9.70%(P<0.05);试验I组乳蛋白率显著提高7.67%(P<0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组血清总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮含量分别显著降低5.38%(P<0.05)、13.95%(P<0.05)、8.68%(P<0.05)。随着全混合日粮中发酵菜籽粕替代豆粕比例的提高,血清胆固醇出现下降趋势(0.05 <P<0.10)。(3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组干物质、粗蛋白质消化率显著降低(P<0.05)。随着全混合日粮中发酵菜籽粕替代豆粕比例的提高,中性洗涤纤维消化率出现上升趋势(0.05<P<0.10)。本试验条件下,奶牛全混合日粮中发酵菜籽粕替代豆粕的比例不宜超过66.67%,此时不会对奶牛生产性能、血清生化指标及养分消化率产生明显的负面影响。This experiment aims to investigate application effect of fermented rapeseed meal in cow breeding.Try to randomly divide 120 Hostein cows in similar condition into 4 groups,with 3 replicates in each group and 10 cows in each replicate.The control group was provided with feed according to NY/T 34-2004,while the other three groups of cows were fed with fermented rapeseed meal as a substitute for 33.33%(experimental group I),66.67%(experimental groupⅡ),and 100%(experimental groupⅢ)of soybean meal in the experimental diet.The pre trial period is 7 days,and the main trial period is 30 days.Results:Compared with the control group,(1)The dry matter intake and the average daily milk of Experiment groupⅢwas significantly reduced by 6.99%(P<0.05),9.70%(P<0.05);The milk protein rate in Experiment group I significantly increased by 7.67%(P<0.05).(2)Compared with the control group,The total serum protein,albumin,urea nitrogen content in Experiment groupⅢwas significantly reduced by 5.38%(P<0.05),13.95%(P<0.05),8.68%(P<0.05).As the proportion of fermented rapeseed meal replacing soybean meal increases in the total mixed diet,serum cholesterol shows a decreasing trend(0.05<P<0.10).(3)Compared with the control group,The dry matter and crude protein digestibility of Experiment groupⅢwere significantly reduced(P<0.05).With the increase of the proportion of fermented rapeseed meal replacing soybean meal in the total mixed diet,the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber showed an upward trend(0.05<P<0.10).Under the conditions of this experiment,the proportion of fermented rapeseed meal replacing soybean meal in the total mixed diet of cows should not exceed 66.67%,which will not have a significant negative impact on the production performance,serum biochemical indicators,and nutrient digestibility of cows.

关 键 词：发酵菜籽粕 豆粕 奶牛 生产性能 血清生化指标 养分消化率 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]