古代艾灸治疗发热选穴研究  

Research on acupoint selection for ancient moxibustion in the treatment of fever

作　　者：刘慧 李君[1] LIU Hui;LI Jun(China Institute for History of Medicine and Medical Literature,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2024年第26期174-177,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程-中医文献学科重大攻关项目(CI2021A00406);首都卫生发展科研专项(首发2022-2-4311)。

摘　　要：中医用灸法治疗发热历史悠久。本文通过整理古代灸法治疗发热的相关文献,发现灸法在内外科发热中均有应用。大椎是灸治发热的通用穴,广泛适用于外感、内伤多种类型发热。对疟疾发热,常灸大椎、脾俞;灸大椎治疗疟疾需在发作前施灸,灸至超过发作时间止;对骨蒸劳热证,常灸背俞穴、关元、四花穴或多穴组合灸治;灸肺俞可治合并久嗽的虚劳发热;灸心俞可补益气血,治气血虚损劳热;灸关元可治肾气虚损、阴阳皆虚所致虚劳发热;灸四花穴治骨蒸劳热需较长时间、较大剂量的灸治;取膏肓、气海、丹田、足三里组合灸治,灸足三里具有引火气下行的作用。外科痈疽疮疡所致发热,常用隔蒜灸局部病灶,以解毒消肿、拔毒泄热,并配合汤药内服。Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of treating fever with moxibustion.Through exploring and analyzing the contents of ancient moxibustion treatment of fever,it is found that moxibustion has application in both medical fever and surgical fever.Dàzhuīis a commonly used acupoint for moxibustion treatment of fever,which is widely applied to various types of external and internal injuries associated with fever.Moxibustion at dàzhuīand píshùcan treat fever caused by malaria;moxibustion at dàzhuīto treat malaria should be applied before the attack,and moxibustion should exceed attack time;for the treatment of hectic fever,back-shu point,guānyuán,sihua point or a combination of points are commonly used;moxibustion at fèishùcan treat the deficiency fever combined with chronic cough;moxibustion at xīnshùcan replenish qi and blood and treat the exertion heat caused by qi and blood deficiency;moxibustion at guānyuán can treat deficiency fever caused by deficiency of kidney qi and deficiency of yin and yang;moxibustion at sihua point to treat hectic fever requires longer time and larger dose of moxibustion;it is recommended that gāohuāng,qìhǎi,dantian and zúsānlǐcombined moxibustion treatment,and moxibustion at zúsānlǐhas the effect of leading the fire down.Fever caused by surgical abscesses and ulcers is commonly treated with garlic moxibustion on local lesions to detoxify,reduce swelling,expel toxins and relieve heat,and combined with herbal medicine for oral administration.

关 键 词：灸法 艾灸 发热 古代文献 

分 类 号：R245.81[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]