八段锦对5~6岁儿童体质及认知功能影响的研究  

Study on the influence of baduanjin on the physical constitution and cognitive function of 5-6 years old children

作　　者：仇莲胤 汪淼 邓姝雯 彭松[3] 王杰[4] 商慧亮 田纪云 谷林 QIU Lianyin;WANG Miao;DENG Shuwen;PENG Song;WANG Jie;SHANG Huiliang;TIAN Jiyun;GU Lin(Institute of Science,Technology,and Humanities,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai201203,China;Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Kindergarten,Shanghai201802,China;the Second School Affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai200438,China;Xinjiangwan Experimental School Affiliated to Tongji University,Shanghai200438,China;School of Information Science and Technology,Fudan University,Shanghai200433,China;Advanced Science and Technology Research Center,the University of Tokyo,Tokyo103-0027,Japan)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学科技人文研究院,上海201203 [2]上海嘉定区南翔幼儿园,上海201802 [3]复旦大学附属第二学校,上海200438 [4]同济大学附属新江湾城实验学校,上海200438 [5]复旦大学信息科学与工程学院,上海200433 [6]东京大学先端科学技术研究中心,东京103-0027

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2024年第33期180-184,193,共6页China Medical Herald

基　　金：上海中医药大学预算内科研项目(2021LK036)。

摘　　要：目的探讨八段锦对学龄前儿童体质和认知功能的影响。方法选取2021年4月至6月上海嘉定南翔幼儿园5~6岁儿童115名,采用随机数字表法将其分为八段锦组(57名)与对照组(58名)。八段锦组进行8周的八段锦训练,对照组不进行任何干预,只参与幼儿园常规活动。干预前后分别测试两组受试儿童的体质指标(10 m折返跑、走平衡木、双脚连续跳、网球掷远和坐位体前屈),以及认知功能指标(简单反应时、注意力、空间记忆力)并进行比较,使用相关性分析确定八段锦组体质功能与各认知功能之间的相关关系。结果干预后,对照组网球掷远成绩与认知功能测试成绩均较干预前提高(P<0.05)。八段锦组在10 m折返跑、走平衡木、双脚连续跳、网球掷远、坐位体前屈及认知功能测试成绩均较干预前提高(P<0.05)。八段锦组10 m折返跑和双脚连续跳成绩较对照组提高(P<0.05)。八段锦组10 m折返跑成绩与简单反应时之间呈正相关(r=0.267,P=0.045),网球掷远成绩与简单反应时呈负相关(r=-0.296,P=0.026),双脚连续跳与空间记忆力之间呈负相关(rs=-0.277,P=0.037)。结论为期8周的八段锦运动有助于改善学龄前儿童的体质,但其对认知功能的影响尚不确定。Objective To investigate the effects of baduanjin on physical constitution and cognitive function of preschool children.Methods A total of 115 children aged 5 to 6 years old from Shanghai Jiading District Nanxiang Kindergarten from April to June 2021 were selected and divided into baduanjin group(57 children)and control group(58 children)by random number table method.The baduanjin group received eight weeks of baduanjin training,while the control group only participated in routine kindergarten activities without any intervention.Physical indexes(10 m return run,balance beam walking,continuous jump of both feet,tennis throw distance,and sitting forward bend)and cognitive function indexes(simple reaction time,attention,and spatial memory)of the two groups of children were tested before and after intervention,and compared.Correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between physical function and cognitive function in baduanjin group.Results After intervention,the tennis throw distance scores and cognitive function test scores of the control group were improved compared with those before intervention(P<0.05).In the baduanjin group,the scores of 10 m return run,balance beam walking,continuous jump of both feet,tennis throw distance,sitting forward bend,and cognitive function test were improved compared with those before intervention(P<0.05).The scores of 10 m return run and continuous jump of both feet in the baduanjin group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In the baduanjin group,there was a positive correlation between 10 m return run and simple reaction time(r=0.267,P=0.045),a negative correlation between tennis throw distance and simple reaction time(r=-0.296,P=0.026),and a negative correlation between continuous jumping of both feet and spatial memory(rs=-0.277,P=0.037).Conclusion Eight weeks of baduanjin exercise can help improve the physical constitution of preschool children,but its effect on cognitive function is uncertain.

关 键 词：八段锦 体质 认知 学龄前儿童 

分 类 号：R214[医药卫生—中医学]