多菌灵在我国小麦和水稻上的环境风险评估研究  

Study on environmental risk assessment of carbendazim on wheat and rice in China

作　　者：张月秋 袁野 邢立国 贾新茹 ZHANG Yueqiu;YUAN Ye;XING Liguo;JIA Xinru(Safety Evaluation Centre,Shenyang SYRICI Testing Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110021,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳沈化院测试技术有限公司安全评价中心,沈阳110021

出　　处：《现代农药》2024年第6期66-72,共7页MODERN AGROCHEMICALS

摘　　要：按照《农药登记环境风险评估指南》要求,对多菌灵防治小麦赤霉病和水稻纹枯病引起的陆生生态系统、地下水和水生生态系统风险分别进行评估。结果发现,在陆生生态系统中,多菌灵对鸟类的长期风险、家蚕饲喂外围桑树叶的风险、农田内捕食性非靶标节肢动物的风险不可接受,对地下水风险可接受。因此,可通过适当的风险降低措施保证多菌灵在小麦上使用的安全性。在水生生态系统中,多菌灵制剂在水稻上施用后,对于初级急性和慢性风险而言,多菌灵对脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的风险组分占模拟组的100%,多菌灵对初级生产者的风险组分占模拟组的6.90%,多菌灵对水生生态系统具有较高风险。因此,应在再评价过程中重新审视多菌灵在水稻上的登记情况。According to the requirements of"Guidance on Environmental Risk Assessment for Pesticide Registration",the risks of carbendazim to terrestrial ecosystems,groundwater and aquatic ecosystems in the control of scab of wheat and sheath blight of rice were assessed,respectively.The results showed that the long-term risk of carbendazim to birds,the risk of peripheral mulberry leaves to silkworm and predatory non-target arthropods in farmland were unacceptable in terrestrial ecosystem,and there was no risk to groundwater.Therefore,some appropriate risk reduction measures could be taken to ensure the safety of carbendazim in wheat.After carbendazim was applied on rice,the risk components to vertebrates and invertebrates accounted for 100% of the simulation group,and the risk component of carbendazim to primary producers accounted for 6.90% of the simulation group,respectively.Carbendazim had high risk to aquatic ecosystem.Therefore,the registration of carbendazim on rice should be reexamined in the process of reevaluation.

关 键 词：多菌灵 陆生生态系统 地下水 水生生态系统 环境风险评估 

分 类 号：TQ450.26[化学工程—农药化工]