道奇使命与战后美国对日经济复兴战略的建构(1948—1950)  

The Dodge Mission and the construction of the US postwar economic recovery strategy towards Japan(1948-1950)

作　　者：赵志辉[1] 刘奕楠 ZHAO Zhihui;LIU Yinan(School of Humanities,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期59-72,共14页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：1948年,受冷战局势影响,美国对日政策开始从抑制转向扶持的重大转变。《经济稳定九原则》出台前后,美国国务院、陆军部与驻日盟军围绕日本经济复兴问题发生激烈对抗。由于杜鲁门总统的干预,国务院与陆军部最终取得对日经济改革的主导权,并确定道奇使团赴日计划,道奇使命由此启动。道奇主持改革期间,陆军部试图寻求同国务院在促成日本—东南亚经济一体化上的合作关系,但其策略遭到国务院质疑。中华人民共和国成立后,远东局势进一步变化,同时日本经济受道奇路线影响出现波动,急需拓展海外市场,构建远东经济一体化迫在眉睫。在日本政府的推动下,国务院与陆军部初步达成妥协,加快了日本—东南亚经济一体化的进程。围绕道奇使命展开的各方辩论不仅导致占领事务主导权从占领当局转向以国务院与陆军部为代表的美国政府,而且在实现对日经济复兴战略建构的同时,又在相当程度上推进了美国的远东冷战战略。In 1948,influenced by the Cold War situation,there was a significant shift in U.S.policy towards Japan from containment to support.Before and after the release of the economic stabilization program,the US State Department,the Department of Army,and GHQ engaged in intense conflicts regarding the issue of Japan’s economic recovery.Due to President Truman’s intervention,the State Department and the Department of Army ultimately gained the dominant control over Japan’s economic reform.The Dodge Mission was thus launched.During the reform,the Department of Army attempted to seek cooperation with the State Department in facilitating Japan-Southeast Asia Economic Integration,but their strategy was questioned by the State Department.With the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the situation in the Far East underwent further changes.At the same time,Japan’s economy experienced fluctuations under the influence of the Dodge route,urgently requiring expansion into overseas markets and the establishment of Far Eastern economic integration.With the push from the Japanese government,the US State Department and the Department of Army reached a preliminary compromise,which accelerated the process of Japan-Southeast Asia Economic Integration.The debates surrounding the Dodge Mission not only shifted the control of occupation affairs from GHQ to the U.S.government represented by the State Department and the Department of Army,but also significantly advanced the U.S.Far East Cold War strategy while realizing the construction of Japan’s economic recovery.

关 键 词：道奇使命 盟军最高司令官总司令部 日本—东南亚经济一体化 

分 类 号：K153[历史地理—历史学]