复合肥料养分含量和配比与农业需求的匹配度研究  

Studies on the matching degree of both nutrient content and proportion of compound fertilizers with agricultural needs

作　　者：邹秦琦 姚澜 江敬安 沈云鹏 薛彦东 张卫峰[1] ZOU Qinqi;YAO Lan;JIANG Jing’an;SHEN Yunpeng;XUE Yandong;ZHANG Weifeng(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences/National Academy of Agriculture Green Development/State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management/Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Planting Management Department,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院/国家农业绿色发展研究院/养分资源高效利用全国重点实验室/植物-土壤相互作用教育部重点实验室,北京100193 [2]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [3]农业农村部种植业管理司,北京100125

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2024年第12期1-11,共11页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：农业农村部种植管理司农林牧渔业发展技术服务项目(152309007)。

摘　　要：为研究市场流通肥料的养分含量、养分配比与农业生产需求的匹配情况,以主要粮食产区市场流通的复合肥料产品为研究对象,采用定量分析和对比研究的方法,对复合肥料的标识含量和配比与推荐用量和配方的匹配度进行分析。结果表明:1)复合肥料含量与农业需求匹配度低,且普遍存在养分含量过量的问题。在小麦、水稻和玉米产区中复合肥料的氮磷钾综合含量匹配度分别为51.29%、37.44%和30.50%。复合肥料养分含量平均高于推荐养分用量,需要缩小包装规格和调整配方;2)复合肥料标识配比与推荐配方的匹配程度低。在小麦、水稻和玉米产区中复合肥料的氮磷钾综合养分均符合推荐配方的比例分别为1.55%、5.16%和0.57%;3)作物产区中流通的复合肥料养分配比不合理。小麦、水稻和玉米产区市场流通的复合肥料养分配比整体上表现为氮配比高于推荐配方、磷配比低于推荐配方,需调整养分配比,减少氮的配比。因此,亟需推进和落实肥料实名制与定额制,加强对复合肥料的监管,从肥料产业供给角度改进复合肥料产品,并推进复合肥料的合理供应,提高复合肥料与农业生产需求的匹配程度。To explore the adaptability of the nutrient content and proportion of compound fertilizers in circulation with the needs of agricultural production,the compound fertilizer products circulating in the market of the main grain producing regions are taken as study subjects.The quantitative analysis and comparative study methods are adopted to analyze the correspondence of the labeled contents and proportions of compound fertilizers with the recommended contents and formulas.The results show that:1)There is low compatibility between the compound fertilizer content and the agricultural demand,and the excessive nutrient content is common.In wheat,rice and maize production regions,the matching degrees of comprehensive content of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium are 51.29%,37.44% and 30.50%,respectively.The compound fertilizer nutrient content is higher than the recommended nutrient content on average,and there is need to reduce the package size and adjust the formula;2)There is low compatibility between the compound fertilizer labeling proportions with recommended formulas.In wheat,rice and maize production regions,The comprehensive nutrients of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in compound fertilizers are in line with the recommended formula ratio of 1.55%,5.16% and 0.57%,respectively;3)The nutrient proportions of compound fertilizers circulating in crop production areas are unreasonable.In,wheat,rice and maize production region,the market circulation of compound fertilizer nutrient proportions on the whole is as follows:N proportions are higher than the recommended formula,and P proportions are lower than the recommended formula.Therefore,it is necessary to adjust the proportion of nutrients by reducing the proportion of N.In conclusion,there is an urgent need to promote and implement the real name and quota systems for fertilizers,strengthen supervision over compound fertilizers,improve compound fertilizer products from the perspective of fertilizer industry supply,and promote the rational supply of compound fertili

关 键 词：复合肥料 推荐肥料用量 推荐肥料配方 养分含量 养分配比 匹配度 肥料定额制 

分 类 号：S-1[农业科学]