衢州地产农副产品营养价值评价及替代猪常规饲料原料的减排潜力  

Evaluation of nutritional values of local agricultural byproducts and analysis of emission reduction potential achieved by substituting conventional feed ingredients for pigs in Quzhou

作　　者：薛磊 管宇 王玉芳 臧建军[1] XUE Lei;GUAN Yu;WANG Yufang;ZANG Jianjun(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Quzhou Sanyiyi Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Quzhou 324000,China;Qujiang District Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Quzhou City,Quzhou 324022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [2]衢州市三易易生态农业科技有限公司,浙江衢州324000 [3]衢州市衢江区畜牧兽医站,浙江衢州324022

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2024年第12期152-164,共13页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1301405);企业委托项目(202205410410629)。

摘　　要：为有效开发利用衢州当地农副产品饲料资源,采用能氮平衡和间接测热等试验技术,在精准评估衢州地产菜籽饼(RSM)、统糠(UB)、米糠(RB)和糙米(BR)4种主要农副产品营养价值的基础上,以衢州市三易易生态农业科技有限公司规模化猪场生长育肥猪饲料配方为案例,分析利用4种地产农副产品替代生长育肥猪商品饲料中的玉米和豆粕等原料配制多元化日粮的减排潜力。结果表明:衢州市地产4种农副产品的实测营养成分与参考值存在一定的差异;以干物质为基础,RSM、UB、RB和BR的净能值分别为9.27、5.11、12.64和11.63 MJ/kg;按照4种农副产品营养成分的实测值配制生长育肥猪生长期和育肥期的日粮,可以减少玉米豆粕等饲料原料的配比,猪回肠末端氮的排放量相应降低2.5%和2.4%,粪磷排放分别减少16.0%和6.3%,生长期和育肥期的饲料成本分别降低4.0%和1.3%。本研究为推动衢州市农副产品等非常规饲料资源开发利用,以及猪饲料中玉米豆粕减量替代和养殖污染物源头减排提供理论依据。To effectively develop and utilize the feed resources of local agricultural by-products of Quzhou,the nutritional values of four primary agricultural by-products,rapeseed meal(RSM),unite bran(UB),rice bran(RB)and brown rice(BR),were accurately evaluated by employing energy and nitrogen balance techniques alongside indirect calorimetry.Based on their nutritional values,the feed formula of growing and fattening pigs used by the Quzhou Sanyiyi Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd.was taken as the case study for analysis of potential emission reduction of diversified diets by substituting feed ingredients like corn and soybean meal with these unique local agricultural by-products.The results showed that:Discrepancies were identified between the determined nutritional components and the published values of these four kinds of agricultural by-products in Quzhou.The net energy values as dry matter basis for RSM,UB,RB and BR were 9.27,5.11,12.64,and 11.63 MJ/kg,respectively.It was found that formulating these by-products into the diets of growing-finishing pigs could effectively reduce the proportion of corn and soybean meal in the growing and fattening periods according to the measured values of nutrients of four agricultural byproducts,which led to a decrease in nitrogen emissions from the terminal ileum of pigs by 2.5% and 2.4%,respectively,along with a reduction in fecal phosphorus excretion by 16.0% and 6.3%,respectively.The reduction also mitigated the feed cost by 4.0% during the growing period and 1.3% during the fattening period.This study provides insight into promoting the exploration of unconventional feed resources,such as agricultural by-products of Quzhou,additionally,it also offers guidance on economizing and substituting key ingredients,such as corn and soybean meal in swine feed,mitigating the emission of pollutants.

关 键 词：农副产品 营养价值 净能 替代 减排 生长育肥猪 

分 类 号：S82[农业科学—畜牧学] S821.5[农业科学—畜牧兽医]