布鲁氏菌表位疫苗研究进展及其在犬布鲁氏菌病疫苗研究中的思考  

Research progress of Brucella epitope vaccine and considerations in the study of canine brucellosis vaccine

作　　者：梁瑞英 刘大虎 汤新明 梁琳[1] 李子彬 蒋卉 杨晓雯 杨升 丁家波[1] LIANG Ruiying;LIU Dahu;TANG Xinming;LIANG Lin;LI Zibin;JIANG Hui;YANG Xiaowen;YANG Sheng;DING Jiabo(Institute of Animal Sciences/Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Prevention and Control(North)/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Products and Chemical Drugs of MARA,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;College of Life and Health/The Dalian Gene and Protein Engineering for Drug Screening Key Laboratory,Dalian University,Dalian 116622,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所/农业农村部动物生物安全风险预警及防控重点实验室(北方)/农业农村部兽用生物制品与化学药品重点实验室,北京100193 [2]天津农学院动物科学与动物医学学院/天津市农业动物繁育与健康养殖重点实验室,天津300392 [3]大连大学生命健康学院/大连市动物病毒抗原表位筛选及蛋白质工程药物研发重点实验室,辽宁大连116622

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2024年第11期112-119,共8页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32302912);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-CSLPDCP-202403);中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(Y2024JC36)。

摘　　要：本研究对近40年来布鲁氏菌表位疫苗领域的研究成果进行系统性回顾和分析,总结了布鲁氏菌免疫抗原筛选的最新研究进展,提出了表位疫苗设计的优化策略,以及多表位疫苗的免疫评估方式,并对犬布鲁氏菌病表位疫苗应用前景进行分析。结果表明:1)布鲁氏菌的外膜蛋白是疫苗设计中的关键候选抗原,可有效激发宿主的免疫保护反应。表位疫苗的构建策略聚焦于能够激发宿主免疫应答的B细胞和T细胞表位。2)布鲁氏菌多表位疫苗的免疫效果评估是一个全面且多维度的科学过程,综合运用了多种生物技术方法来评估体液和细胞免疫反应,同时考虑疫苗的稳定性、免疫原性和安全性。3)鉴于犬布鲁氏菌(B.canis)对人类健康构成的潜在风险,开发有效犬布鲁氏菌病表位疫苗尤为迫切。尽管犬布鲁氏菌病表位疫苗因其特异性强、安全性高,展现出广阔应用前景,但仍面临MHC分子多态性、疫苗稳定性和递送系统等技术挑战,为克服这些难题,需要加强基础研究,优化表位鉴定技术,开发新型佐剂和递送系统等。本综述为研制更安全、高效的布鲁氏菌疫苗提供科学依据,进而为人类和犬类健康以及公共卫生安全提供更加有力保障。This study provides a systematic review and analysis of research advancements in Brucella epitope vaccines over the past 40 years,summarizes recent progress in Brucella immune antigen screening,proposes optimization strategies for epitope vaccine development,provides immune evaluation methods for multi-epitope vaccines,and examines the potential application of epitope vaccines for canine brucellosis.The findings indicate that:1)The outer membrane proteins of Brucella serve as pivotal candidate antigens in the design of vaccines,capable of eliciting a robust immune response in the host.The development of epitope vaccines centers on the identification of B-cell and T-cell epitopes that can effectively activate the host's immune system.2)The assessment of the immunological impact of multi-epitope vaccines for Brucella is a complex and multifaceted scientific endeavor,involving the utilization of diverse biotechnological techniques to evaluate both humoral and cellular immune responses,while also taking into account factors such as vaccine stability,immunogenicity,and safety.3)Due to the potential threat of Brucella canis to human health,there is an urgent need for the development of effective vaccines targeting canine brucellosis epitopes.Despite the broad potential application of these vaccines due to their specificity and safety,they are hindered by technical challenges including MHC molecule polymorphism,vaccine stability,and delivery systems.To address these obstacles,it is imperative to enhance fundamental research,refine epitope identification methods,and innovate new adjuvants and delivery systems.This review offers a scholarly foundation for the advancement of Brucella vaccines that are both safer and more efficacious,thereby enhancing protection for the health of humans and canines,as well as promoting public health safety.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌 免疫抗原 抗原表位 表位筛选 表位疫苗 

分 类 号：S885[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]