耕地细碎化对农户化肥减量施用的影响机制——基于生产环节外包的调节效应  

Mechanisms of the influence of land fragmentation on fertilizer application reduction:Based on the moderating effect of outsourcing agricultural production

作　　者：柴嫃嫃 吕杰[1] 薛莹 CHAI Zhenzhen;LV Jie;XUE Ying(College of Economics and Management,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学经济管理学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2024年第11期311-328,共18页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72103143,72373101);国家社科重大项目(22&ZD083);辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L22AGL017);辽宁省哲学社会科学青年人才培养对象委托课题项目(2022lslqnrcwtkt-51)。

摘　　要：为助力农业可持续发展,解决我国化肥施用量居高不下的问题,根据目前耕地细碎化的现状,聚焦于化肥减量施用目标,基于农户行为理论,探究耕地细碎化、生产环节外包对农户化肥减量施用的调节机理,构建“耕地细碎化-生产环节外包-化肥减量施用”理论框架,并利用东北三省875份玉米种植户的调研数据进行实证检验。结果表明:耕地细碎化抑制了农户化肥减量施用;生产环节外包会促进农户化肥减量施用,并在耕地细碎化影响化肥施用量过程中发挥调节作用,能够削弱耕地细碎化的影响。施肥环节外包与非施肥环节外包均具有此效应;非施肥环节外包对不同农户的调节效应是稳健的,且施肥环节外包的调节效应对兼业程度较高、有转入土地的农户影响更显著。基于此,本研究提出如下建议:完善土地流转制度,鼓励农户土地整合、连片生产,改善耕地细碎化程度;鼓励技术创新,提升服务主体服务水平,规范施肥标准;鼓励农户采用先进科学技术,提高农业投入品生产效率。In order to promote the sustainable development of agriculture and solve the problem of high application of fertilizers in China,according to the current situation of land fragmentation and focusing on the goal of reducing the application of fertilizers,this study explore the regulation mechanism of land fragmentation and outsourcing agricultural production on fertilizer application reduction based on the theory of farmers’behavior.A theoretical framework of“land fragmentation-outsourcing agricultural productionfertilizer application reduction”is constructed,and the 875 corn farmers’research data in the three northeastern provinces are used to test the theoretical framework.The results show that:Land fragmentation inhibits farmers’fertilizer application reduction;outsourcing agricultural production promotes farmers’fertilizer application reduction.It plays a moderating role in the process of land fragmentation affecting fertilizer application and able to weaken the impact of land fragmentation.Fertilizer outsourcing and non-fertilizer outsourcing have this effect;The moderating effect of non-fertilizer outsourcing on different farmers is robust,and the moderating effect of fertilizer outsourcing is more significant for farmers with a higher degree of part-time employment and with transferred land.Based on this,this study puts forward the following recommendations:Improving the land transfer system,encouraging farmers to integrate land and continuous production to improve the degree of land fragmentation;encouraging technological innovation,improving the service level of the service main body,and standardizing the standard of fertilizer application;encouraging farmers to adopt advanced science and technology and improving the efficiency of the production of agricultural inputs.

关 键 词：耕地细碎化 生产环节外包 化肥减量施用 施肥环节外包 东北三省 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]