环境丰容对许氏平鲉幼鱼生长和个性的影响  

Effects of environmental enrichment on growth and personality of juvenile rockfish(Sebastes schlegelii)

作　　者：魏涛 李金垚 贾彪 韩岩珂 田涛[1,2] 于晓明[1,2] WEI Tao;LI Jinyao;JIA Biao;HAN Yanke;TIAN Tao;YU Xiaoming(Center for Marine Ranching Engineering Science Research of Liaoning Province,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture,Ministry of Education(Dalian Ocean University),Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学辽宁省海洋牧场工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]设施渔业教育部重点实验室(大连海洋大学),辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2024年第5期797-803,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：设施渔业教育部重点实验室(大连海洋大学)开放课题(202316);辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(JL202001);大连市科技创新基金项目(2021JJ11CG001)。

摘　　要：为考察环境丰容对许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)幼鱼(体质量为7.25 g±1.89 g)生长和个性的影响,观测了有礁石环境(环境丰容组,EE)和无礁石环境(对照组,C)条件下试验鱼的生长性能(增重率和特定生长率)和个性行为指标(勇敢性、探索性、活跃性和好斗性)。结果表明:在不同环境下养殖8周后,EE组和C组试验鱼的增重率和特定生长率均无显著性差异;EE组试验鱼的攻击次数(44.44±9.30)显著低于C组试验鱼(166.11±55.92,P<0.05),但EE组和C组试验鱼的游出遮蔽区次数、开阔区停留时间比、首次探索陌生物体时间比、距陌生物体距离及游泳时间比均无显著性差异;相关性分析显示,试验鱼的开阔区停留时间比与游出遮蔽区次数呈正相关(P<0.05),首次接近陌生物体时间比与开阔区停留时间比和游出遮蔽区次数均呈负相关(P<0.05),而与距陌生物体平均距离呈正相关(P<0.05),特定生长率与各行为测定指标间均无相关性。研究表明:礁石丰容环境对许氏平鲉幼鱼的生长性能、勇敢性、探索性和活跃性均无显著性影响,但显著降低了其好斗性;试验鱼的勇敢性与探索性呈正相关,而与活跃性和好斗性均不相关;试验鱼的生长性能与个性行为各指标间均无相关性。To investigate the influence of environmental enrichment on the growth and personalities of juvenile rockfish Sebastes schlegelii,the growth performance(weight gain rate,and specific growth rate)and personal behavior traits(bravery,exploration,activeness,and aggressiveness)were investigated in the test fish with body weight of(7.25±1.89)g injected intraperitioneally with a passive integrated transponder(PIT)disposed in two plastics tanks of each 100 cm in length×90 cm in width×70 cm in height(environmental enrichment group,EE)and without(control group,C)irregularly shaped black reef of 50 cm diameter at water temperature of(14.26±0.12)℃for 8 weeks.The results showed that there was no significant difference in weight gain rate and specific growth rate in the test fish between the EE and C groups,with significantly lower attack frequency in the EE group(44.44±9.30)than that in the C group(166.11±55.92)(P<0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that the open area residence time ratio of the test fish was found to be positively correlated with the number of times they swam out of the sheltered area(P<0.05).The time ratio of first approach to unfamiliar objects was shown to be negatively correlated with the time ratio of staying in open areas and the number of times swimming out of sheltered areas(P<0.05),while it was positively correlated with the average distance from unfamiliar organisms(P<0.05).It was found that there was significant reduce in the aggressiveness of the test fish in C group,without significant effect of environmental enrichment on the growth performance,bravery,exploratory ability,and activity of juvenile Sebastes schlegelii in C group.The test fish had positive correlation with bravery and exploratory nature,and did not have correlation with activity and aggressiveness,without correlation between the growth performance and individual behavior indicators in the test fish.

关 键 词：许氏平鲉 环境丰容 生长 个性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]