磁性玄武岩滤料净化钢铁行业高温烟尘特性  

Study on the purification characteristics of high-temperature smoke utilizing magnetic basalt filter material in the iron and steel industry

作　　者：张俪安 杜传梅[1] 许登科[1] 杨炳文 刁永发[2] 沈恒根[2] ZHANG Li-an;DU Chuan-mei;XU Deng-ke;YANG Bing-wen;DIAO Yong-fa;SHEN Heng-gen(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第12期6641-6650,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究项目(2024AH050383)。

摘　　要：针对钢铁行业高温烟尘中所含的逸散性颗粒具有易磁化的物理特性,提出新型磁性玄武岩纤维的概念及其制备方法,并分析了原位聚合法制备的磁性玄武岩纤维的拉伸性能、耐酸碱性以及耐高温性.同时,基于针刺工艺形成磁性玄武岩滤料,通过测试其孔径分布、机械强力、耐酸碱性能以及耐高温性能,验证磁性玄武岩滤料的适用性.结果表明,原位聚合法会导致原始玄武岩纤维强力下降4.6%,磁性玄武岩纤维表现出耐酸不耐碱的特性,且断裂强度保持率的上限温度为150℃.相较于原始玄武岩滤料,磁性玄武岩滤料的孔径分布更加集中,平均孔径较小.此外,原始玄武岩滤料与磁性玄武岩滤料均表现出耐酸不耐碱的特性,且断裂强度保持率的上限温度为250℃.当过滤风速为5m/min,粉尘浓度为50mg/m^(3),磁性玄武岩滤料的过滤效率相较于原始玄武岩滤料最大提高了43.67%,且滤料表面负载过程引起的压降升高基本可忽略不计.Given the physical property that the fugitive particles contained in the high-temperature smoke emitted by the iron and steel industry were easily magnetized,the concept and preparation method of new magnetic basalt fibers were proposed.A detailed analysis was conducted on the tensile properties,acid and alkali resistance,and the high-temperature stability of the fibers synthesized through the in-situ polymerization method.At the same time,the magnetic basalt filter material was formed utilizing the needle punching process,and its applicability was verified by testing its pore size distribution,mechanical strength,acid and alkali resistance,and high-temperature stability.The results showed that the in-situ polymerization method reduced the strength of the original basalt fibers by 4.6%.The magnetic basalt fibers exhibited acid but not alkali resistance,and their maximum operation temperature was 150°C.The magnetic basalt filter material exhibited a more concentrated pore size distribution with a smaller average pore size than the original basalt filter material.Additionly,the original and the magnetic basalt filter material were resistant to acids but not alkalies,and their maximum operation temperature was 250°C.When the filtration velocity was set as 5m/min,the dust concentration reached 50mg/m^(3),the filtration efficiency of the magnetic basalt filter material was up to 43.67%higher than that of the original basalt filter material.Furthermore,the pressure drop increase caused by the surface loading process of the filter material could be ignored.

关 键 词：高温烟尘 原位聚合法 磁性玄武岩纤维 过滤效率 过滤压降 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]