氨氧化微生物对硝化潜势和N_(2)O生成的贡献  

Contribution of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms to nitrification potential and N_(2)O production.

作　　者：王大玲 杨雨虹 贺惠[3] 米铁柱[1,2,4] 甄毓 WANG Da-ling;YANG Yu-hong;HE Hui;MI Tie-zhu;ZHEN Yu(Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology,Ministry of Education,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Marine Life Science,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛海洋科技中心,海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [4]中国海洋大学深海圈层与地球系统前沿科学中心,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第12期6828-6837,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42130410,41806131);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202261070)。

摘　　要：采用逆转录实时荧光定量PCR技术,分析了春季东海表层沉积物中氨氧化微生物amoA基因表达水平的空间分布特征;并通过培养实验,探究了沉积物中活性氨氧化细菌(ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,AOB)及氨氧化古菌(ammonia-oxidizing archaea,AOA)对硝化潜势和N_(2)O生成的相对贡献.结果显示,表层沉积物中AOA amoA基因表达水平(4.49×10~2~2.17×10~6copies/g)显著高于AOB(6.60×10~1~7.65×10~5copies/g),二者的amoA基因表达水平均表现出近岸低(AOA:8.92×10~5copies/g;AOB:2.06×10~3copies/g)、远岸高(AOA:1.05×10~6copies/g;AOB:4.06×10~4copies/g)的空间分布特征;近岸沉积物的硝化潜势高于远岸;从近岸到远岸,硝化过程由AOA主导逐渐转变为AOB主导.在N_(2)O生成过程中,NH_(4)^(+)的添加能显著促进N_(2)O的生成;相对于AOA,AOB在N_(2)O生成过程中发挥着更加重要的作用.This study utilized reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR to investigate the spatial distribution of amo A gene expression levels among ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in the surface sediments of the East China Sea during spring.Cultivation experiments were performed to assess the relative contributions of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)to the nitrification potential and N_(2O)production in the surface sediments.The results revealed that the expression level of AOA amo A gene was significantly higher than that of AOB(AOA:4.49×10~2~2.17×10~6copies/g;AOB:6.60×10~1~7.65×10~5copies/g),with both showing a spatial distribution pattern of lower levels in nearshore areas(AOA:8.92×10~5copies/g;AOB:2.06×10~3copies/g)and higher in offshore areas(AOA:1.05×10~6copies/g;AOB:4.06×10~4copies/g).Nitrification potential was found to be higher in nearshore sediments than in offshore sediments,with the nitrification process gradually shifting from AOA dominance in nearshore areas to AOB dominance in offshore areas.In the N_(2O)production process,the addition of NH_(4)~+significantly enhanced N_(2O)production,with AOB playing a more critical role than AOA in this process.

关 键 词：东海 沉积物 氨氧化微生物 潜在硝化速率 N_(2)O 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]