元宝山露天煤矿复垦排土场植被组成及群落多样性分析  

Analysis of Vegetation Composition and Community Diversity in Reclaimed Dump of Yuanbaoshan Open-pit Coal Mine

作　　者：刘竞超 辛建宝 裴明泽 LIU Jingchao;XIN Jianbao;PEI Mingze(Yuanbaoshan Surface Mine,Inner Mongolia Pingzhuang Coal Industry(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Inner Mongolia Chifeng 024050,China;Shenyang Engineering company,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp,Shenyang 110015,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古平庄煤业(集团)有限责任公司元宝山露天煤矿,内蒙古赤峰024050 [2]中煤科工集团沈阳设计研究院有限公司,沈阳110015

出　　处：《农业科技与装备》2024年第4期13-18,共6页Agricultural Science & Technology and Equipment

摘　　要：为分析元宝山露天煤矿排土场复垦效果,以元宝山露天煤矿西排土场和南排土场为监测区,选取植被组成、植被覆盖度、群落多样性指数等指标,计算多样性阈值,并通过M.Godron稳定性测定法量化排土场群落稳定性。结果表明:豆科、禾本科、苋科、菊科是监测区内植被组成的基础和主体,西排东坡拥有最大物种数;排土场平均植被覆盖度为88.00%;西排东坡的Margalef丰富度指数最高,说明该监测区有较为丰富的物种;2号排土场有较高的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和相对较低的Simpson优势度指数,说明该监测区种数、各物种间分布较为均匀;监测区物种多样性阈值达到“丰富”水平;西排东坡处于演替相对稳定的状态。In order to analyze the reclamation effect of dump in Yuanbaoshan Open-pit Coal Mine,the west dump and south dump of Yuanbaoshan Open-pit Coal Mine were taken as the monitoring areas,and the indexes such as vegetation composition,vegetation coverage and community diversity index were selected to calculate the diversity threshold,and the stability of dump community was quantified by M.Godron stability determination method.The results showed that:Leguminosae,Poaceae,Amaranthaceae and Asteraceae were the basis and main body of vegetation composition in the monitoring area,and the eastern slope of the west dump had the highest number of species;The average vegetation coverage of the whole monitoring area was 88%;The Margalef richness index of the east slope of the west dump was the highest,indicating that there were abundant species in the monitoring area;The No.2 dump has a higher Shannon,Wiener diversity index and a relatively low Simpson dominance index,indicating that the number of species and the distribution of species in the monitoring area are more uniform;The threshold of plant species diversity in the monitoring area reached the'rich'level.The eastern slope west dump was in the most stable state of succession.

关 键 词：露天煤矿 土地复垦 物种多样性 群落稳定性 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学]