以Orem自理理论为理论依据的个体化功能锻炼在髋关节置换患者中的应用  

Application of Individualized Functional Exercise Based on Orem’s Self-care Theory in Patients with Hip Replacement

作　　者：高静 李海音 张丽 Gao Jing;Li Haiyin;Zhang Li(Orthopedics Department,Zhumadian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Zhumadian,Henan,463000,China)

机构地区：[1]驻马店市中医院骨病科,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2024年第23期2911-2913,共3页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:探讨在髋关节置换术后患者中采取以Orem自理理论为理论框架的个性化康复指导的作用。方法:选取2021年4月—2023年4月于驻马店市中医院行髋关节置换术116例的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法进行分组。对照组58例患者采取常规护理,观察组58例患者在常规护理基础上实施以Orem自理理论为理论框架的个性化康复指导,两组患者均进行为期3个月的护理观察。比较两组患者自护能力、康复效果、并发症率以及患者的日常生活能力。结果:护理3个月后,观察组自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)中各维度评分均比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(t=7.323、11.602、10.233、14.583,P<0.05);护理后,观察组髋关节功能评分量表Harris各维度评分均比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(t=11.320、12.753、11.325、21.198,P<0.05);观察组假体脱位、压疮等并发症发生率少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.940,P<0.05);护理3个月后,观察组日常生活能力各维度评分均比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(t=15.441、9.854、12.386、16.163、22.493、15.176、23.622、21.056、29.578,P<0.05)。结论:髋关节置换术后患者经以Orem自理理论为理论框架的个性化康复指导干预后,可大大提高患者自护能力,有利于髋关节功能改善,术后深静脉血栓、压疮等并发症更少,患者日常生活能力进一步提高。Objective:To explore the role of personalized rehabilitation guidance based on Orem’s self-care theory in patients after hip replacement surgery.Methods:116 patients who underwent hip replacement surgery in Zhumadian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from April 2021 to April 2023 were selected and randomly divided into groups with random number table method.The control group of 58 patients received routine care,while the observation group of 58 patients received personalized rehabilitation guidance based on Orem’s self-care theory on the basis of routine care.Both groups underwent a 3-month nursing observation.The self-care ability,rehabilitation effect,complication rate,and daily living ability of two groups of patients were compared.Results:After 3 months of nursing care,the ESCA score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,with statistically significant difference(t=7.323,11.602,10.233,14.583;P<0.05).After nursing,the Harris scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=11.320,12.753,11.325,21.198;P<0.05).The complications of prosthesis dislocation and pressure sore in the observation group were less than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.940,P<0.05).After 3 months of nursing,the scores of daily living ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=15.441,9.854,12.386,16.163,22.493,15.176,23.622,21.056,29.578;P<0.05).Conclusion:After hip replacement surgery,personalized rehabilitation guidance based on Orem’s self-care theory can greatly improve the patient’s self-care ability,facilitate the improvement of hip joint function,reduce postoperative complications such as deep vein thrombosis and pressure ulcers,and further improve the patient’s daily living ability.

关 键 词：髋关节置换术 OREM自理理论 个性化康复指导 自我护理能力 髋关节功能 并发症 日常生活能力 

分 类 号：R49[医药卫生—康复医学]