农业投资与土地流转价格--基于地租理论视角  

Agricultural Investment and Land Transfer Price:From the Perspective of Land Rent Theory

作　　者：许庆[1] 杨青 张霄 Xu Qing;Yang Qing;Zhang Xiao

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学财经研究所、城乡发展研究院 [2]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院

出　　处：《统计研究》2024年第11期104-116,共13页Statistical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国宅基地制度改革及其保障路径研究”(21ZDA060);国家社会科学基金重大项目“以深化改革促进全体人民共同富裕研究”(22ZDA030);国家社会科学基金重点项目“深化农村集体产权制度改革研究”(20AZD046);国家自然科学基金青年项目“WTO框架下农业补贴改革对粮食生产的影响及应对研究”(72103116)。

摘　　要：在农村土地所有权、承包权、经营权分置的制度安排下,土地流转价格成为全新的地租范畴。本文基于地租理论,以粮食规模经营主体为例审视了农业投资与土地流转价格的关系,并利用2017年与2019年中国农村家庭追踪调查数据(CRHPS)进行实证检验。结果显示,粮食规模经营主体的农业投资提高了土地流转价格;相比于一般性投资,专用性投资的影响效果更为明显。机制分析发现,粮食规模经营主体通过农业投资增加了粮食收入,部分收入以级差地租的形式转化为土地流转价格。进一步地,本文还发现农业投资尤其是一般性投资提高了地租率,表明该投资带来的边际收益更多地被转出方获得。这种利益分配不利于粮食规模经营主体等转入方,可能影响其投资的积极性;相比而言,专用性投资具有长期改良土地、降低土地经营权转出风险的作用,从而使得地租率出现明显下降。本文对于在地租理论框架下调节土地流转价格,实现土地流转的帕累托改进具有重要的政策含义。Under the institutional arrangement of the separation of rural land ownership rights,contracting rights and operation rights,land transfer price becomes a brand-new category of land rent.This study examines the relationship between agricultural investment and land transfer price based on land rent theory using scale grain operating entities as an example,and uses the data of the China Rural Household Panel Survey(CRHPS)2017 and 2019 for empirical test.The results show that agricultural investment by scale grain operating entities raises land transfer price;the effect of specialized investment is more obvious compared to general investment.The mechanism analysis finds that scale grain operating entities increase the grain income through agricultural investment,and part of the income is transformed into land transfer price in the form of cascading land rent.Further,this study also finds that agricultural investment,especially general investment,raises the land rent rate,suggesting that the marginal returns from this investment go more to the transfer-out party.This distribution of benefits is unfavorable to the transfer-in party such as scale grain operating entities,which may affect their incentives to invest;in contrast,specialized investment has the effect of improving the land in a long term and reducing the risk of transferring operation rights,which leads to a significant decrease in the land rent rate.This paper has important policy implications for the future regulation of the rational allocation of land transfer price under the framework of land rent theory to achieve the Pareto improvement of land transfer.

关 键 词：农业投资 土地流转价格 地租理论 三权分置 

分 类 号：F301.4[经济管理—产业经济] F321.1