2023年天门市某医院急性呼吸道感染患者流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of patients with acute respiratory infection in a hospital in Tianmen City in 2023

作　　者：郭飞波 陈玫君 朱名超[1] 宋瑛[1] 张欢 GUO Feibo;CHEN Meijun;ZHU Mingchao;SONG Ying;ZHANG Huan(Department of Clinical Laboratory,The First People's Hospital of Tianmen,Tianmen 431700,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]天门市第一人民医院检验科,湖北天门431700

出　　处：《医学新知》2024年第11期1227-1233,共7页New Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解天门市某医院2023年急性呼吸道感染(acute respiratory infection,ARI)患者的流行病学特征。方法回顾性收集2023年1月至2023年12月在天门市第一人民医院就诊的ARI患者作为研究对象,采用呼吸道病毒核酸联检试剂盒对肺炎支原体(MP)、甲型流感病毒(IAV)、人鼻病毒(HRV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、呼吸道腺病毒(ADV)、乙型流感病毒(IBV)6种病原体进行检测,采用χ^(2)检验比较组间差异。结果共纳入8695例ARI患者,检出病原体阳性患者4211例,阳性检出率为48.43%,包括阳性病原体4662个,MP、IAV、HRV、RSV、ADV、IBV阳性检出率分别为35.53%、28.07%、20.78%、18.07%、7.15%、1.12%。学龄前期(<6岁)6种常见呼吸道病原体阳性总检出率显著高于其他年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而不同性别间总病原体阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各季节间6种常见呼吸道病原体及总阳性检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),春秋季节病原体阳性检出率更高;儿科和呼吸内科呼吸道病原体感染检出率分别为77.63%和21.04%。结论天门市该院ARI病原体阳性患者以MP和IAV感染为主,病原体分布具有年龄和季节特征,以春秋季高发,高发人群主要为学龄前儿童(<6岁)。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of patients with acute respiratory infection(ARI)in a hospital in Tianmen City in 2023.Methods ARI patients treated in the First People's Hospital of Tianmen from January 2023 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected as research objects.Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP),influenza A virus(IAV),human rhinovirus(HRV),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),respiratory adenovirus(ADV)and influenza B virus(IBV)were detected with respiratory viral nucleic acid co-detection kit,and the differences among groups were compared byχ^(2) test.Results A total of 8,695 ARI patients were included,of which 4,211 were pathogen-positive,the positive detection rate was 48.43%,including 4,662 positive pathogens.The positive rates of MP,IAV,HRV,RSV,ADV and IBV were 35.53%,28.07%,20.78%,18.07%,7.15%and 1.12%,respectively.The total positive rate of 6 common respiratory pathogens in early school age(<6 years old)was significantly higher than that in other age groups,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate of total pathogens between genders(P>0.05).The difference between seasons of 6 common respiratory pathogens and the total positive detection rate was statistically significant(P<0.001),and the positive detection rate was higher in spring and autumn.The detection rates of respiratory pathogens in pediatrics and respiratory medicine were 77.63%and 21.04%.Conclusion MP and IAV infections predominate among ARI pathogen-positive patients in this hospital in Tianmen City,and the distribution of the pathogens was characterized by age and season,with the highest incidence in spring and autumn,and the highest incidence group was mainly preschool children(<6 years old).

关 键 词：急性呼吸道感染 病原体 肺炎支原体 甲型流感病毒 流行病学 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]