不锈钢表面油漆干冰去污工艺及其放射性应用研究  

Study on Dry Ice Decontamination Technology of Paint on Stainless Steel Surface and Its Radioactive Application

作　　者：陆海峰 魏少翀[1] 陆壮 潘晨阳 陈国星[1] 王博 LU Haifeng;WEI Shaochong;LU Zhuang;PAN Chenyang;CHEN Guoxing;WANG Bo(Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215004,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州热工研究院有限公司,江苏苏州215004

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2024年第22期34-39,共6页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：国防科工局核能开发项目(2022年)。

摘　　要：为探究干冰去污技术对放射性污染的去除效果,试验在非放环境下以表面涂油漆的不锈钢作为研究对象,搭建干冰去污成套装置,设计正交试验方案,以去污面积为评价标准,获得最佳去污工艺参数。在不同去污次数下分析基体的表面粗糙度、金相组织及显微硬度,探究干冰去污对基体的损伤行为。采用干冰去污技术在核电站现场对沾污工器具进行去污应用。结果表明,不锈钢表面油漆的最佳干冰去污参数为:气体压力5 bar、干冰流量20 kg/h、去污速度100 mm/min、喷射距离100 mm、去污次数4次。最佳参数下,去污厚度约为43.26μm,油漆被完全去除;干冰去污次数的增加,导致表面粗糙度降低,但金相组织和显微硬度和基体保持不变,说明干冰去污对基体无损伤影响;沾污工器具在干冰去污作用下去污因子和去污效率最高分别达79.8%和98.7%,满足核电站清洁解控标准,且放射性粉尘、气溶胶被完全净化吸收。In order to explore the removal effects of dry ice decontamination technology on the radioactive pollution,taking stainless steel painted on the surface as research object in non-radioactive environment,builds a complete set of dry ice decontamination device was build,the orthogonal experiment scheme was designed,and taking the decontamination area as the evaluation standard,the best decontamination process parameters was obtained.The surface roughness,microstructure and microhardness of the substrate were analyzed under different decontamination times to explore the damage behavior of dry ice decontamination on the substrate.Finally,the dry ice decontamination technology was used to decontaminate contaminated tools and instruments at the site of nuclear power plant.The results show that,the best dry ice decontamination parameters of stainless steel surface paint are:gas pressure 5 bar,dry ice flow 20 kg/h,decontamination speed 100 mm/min,spraying distance 100 mm,decontamination times 4 times;the decontamination thickness is about 43.26μm and the paint is completely removed.The decontamination factor and decontamination efficiency of contaminated tools and instruments are up to 79.8%and 98.7%,respectively,under the action of dry ice decontamination,which can meet the cleaning and decontamination standards of nuclear power plants,and the radioactive dust and aerosol are completely purified and absorbed.

关 键 词：干冰去污 去污面积 粗糙度 去污因子 清洁解控 

分 类 号：TG142[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]