基于电驱逆变器重构的车用动力锂电池自加热策略  

Self-heating Strategy for Automotive Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Traction Motor and Inverter Reconfiguration

作　　者：韩京伯 朱翀 李佳[1] 鲁岩松 张希[1] HAN Jingbo;ZHU Chong;LI Jia;LU Yansong;ZHANG Xi(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《电源学报》2024年第6期179-187,共9页Journal of Power Supply

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(青年)资助项目(52007119);上海市浦江人才计划资助项目(20PJ1407200)。

摘　　要：为解决车用锂离子动力电池低温性能衰退问题,提出1种基于电动汽车电驱逆变器重构的自加热方法,利用驱动电机绕组作为储能元件,无需额外设备即可对电池进行低温交流加热。首先,建立交流加热拓扑的详细数学描述,得到电池电压、电流与加热控制参数间的解析关系。随后,设计自适应模糊PI控制器对加热过程中的电池电压和电流进行动态调节,在保证加热速率的同时可有效防止电池老化。针对电池加热过程中电机易产生噪声和振动的问题,提出1种基于转子位置钳位的转矩脉动抑制方案,有效保障乘员舒适性和电机耐久性。实验结果表明,所提自加热策略在403s内即可将电池从-20℃加热到0℃以上,且不会对电池寿命造成永久性损伤。To solve the problem of performance degradation in automotive lithium-ion batteries at low tempera-tures,a self-heating method based on electric vehicle traction motor and inverter reconfiguration was developed,in which the traction motor windings were utilized as energy storage units to realize AC heating of batteries at low temperatures without additional hardware.First,a detailed mathematical description of AC heating topology was given,and the analytical relationship among the battery voltage,current and heating control parameters was obtained.Then,an adaptive fuzzy PI controller was designed to regulate both the heating current and the charge/discharge voltages of batteries dynamically,so that the heating rate can be guaranteed while avoiding the aging of batteries.In addition,in order to relieve the mechanical vibration and noise from the traction motor during internal heating,a torque ripple canceling scheme based on the clamped rotor position was also proposed,thus ensuring the passenger comfort and the motor durability.Experimental results demonstrate that under the proposed strategy,the tested batteries warmed up from-20℃to above 0℃within 403 s without permanently damaging the battery life.

关 键 词：电动汽车 锂离子电池 交流自加热 驱动电机 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]