面向控制的变构型空天飞行器建模及特性分析  

Control⁃Oriented Modeling and Characteristic Analysis of Morphing Aerospace Vehicle

作　　者：高泽鹏 刘燕斌 沈海东[1,2] 陈金宝 彭寿勇[3,4] GAO Zepeng;LIU Yanbin;SHEN Haidong;CHEN Jinbao;PENG Shouyong(College of Astronautics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Mechanism,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;Beijing Institute of Aerospace Technology,Beijing 100074,China;National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Flight Technology,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航天学院,南京211106 [2]南京航空航天大学宇航空间机构全国重点实验室,南京211106 [3]北京空天技术研究所,北京100074 [4]空天飞行技术全国重点实验室,北京100074

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报》2024年第6期1114-1123,共10页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52272369);南京航空航天大学研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(xcxjh20231503)。

摘　　要：针对空天飞行器爬升过程中,传统固定构型难以兼顾高低速气动性能的问题,提出了一种空天飞行器变构型调节策略。首先,提出了一种翼面伸缩的变构型方式,构建了含有表征飞行器构型变量的气动代理模型;其次,基于气动代理模型对飞行器气动和配平特性进行分析,根据气动特性制定构型变化策略,根据配平特性提出质心位置匹配设计;然后,根据构型变量和爬升飞行平衡的约束,以控制输入最小为目标,优化得到了合适的质心位置,为不同构型的质心位置设计提供参考;最后,仿真结果表明变构型空天飞行器在爬升飞行任务中起到分担舵面负载和减小油门的作用,增加了飞行过程的稳定性。Since the aerospace vehicle with the traditional fixed configuration cannot meet the requirements of the aerodynamic performance both at high and low speeds during the climbing section,a morphing adjustment strategy is proposed.Firstly,a morphing method with wing retraction is proposed,and an aerodynamic surrogate model with vehicle configuration variables is constructed.Secondly,the aerodynamic and trimming characteristics of the vehicle are analyzed based on the aerodynamic surrogate model.A morphing strategy is formulated based on the aerodynamic characteristics,and a center-of-mass position matching design is proposed based on the trimming characteristics.Thirdly,according to the constraints of the configuration variables and equilibrium state of climbing,the appropriate center-of-mass position is optimized with the objective of minimizing the control inputs,providing a reference for the design of the center-of-mass position of different configurations.Finally,the simulation results show that the morphing aerospace vehicle can share the load on the rudder surface and reduce the throttle during climbing missions,which increases the stability of the flight process.

关 键 词：空天飞行器 变构型 平衡状态 代理模型 优化设计 

分 类 号：V221[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]