矿井采空区水库水岩作用净水机理研究进展及展望  

Research progress and prospect on mechanism of water⁃rock action for water purification in goaf reservoir

作　　者：王方田[1,2] 孙暖 张村 郭中权 窦凤金 WANG Fangtian;SUN Nuan;ZHANG Cun;GUO Zhongquan;DOU Fengjin(School of Mines,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;CCTEG Hangzhou Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311201,Chi-na;School of Energy and Mining,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Jinjie Coal Mine,ShenDong Coal Group Corporation,Yulin 719319,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]中煤科工集团杭州研究院有限公司,浙江杭州311201 [4]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [5]神东煤炭集团锦界煤矿,陕西榆林719319

出　　处：《绿色矿山》2024年第3期246-257,共12页Journal of green mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52474151,52474161,51974297)。

摘　　要：煤矿长壁开采形成的导水裂隙引发地下水系统破坏,造成采空区水量丰富与地面水资源紧缺矛盾突出,合理保护利用矿井水对煤矿安全生产和矿区生态文明建设至关重要。利用矿井采空区作为地下水库,借助采空区破碎煤岩体较强的纳污能力,是实现矿井水污染治理及资源化利用的重要手段。我国多数矿井水水质差、溶解性总固体高、处理难,因此采空区水库破碎煤岩体水岩作用净水有利于矿井水原位高效处理利用。目前围绕采空区破碎煤岩体水岩作用开展了一系列研究,主要研究流程包括样品采集、样品检测、模拟实验、结果分析等。其中样品采集与检测是水岩作用研究的前提,涉及矿井水和煤岩体的基本特征和变化规律;模拟实验和结果分析主要探究各种影响因素下水岩作用机理。采空区水库净水机理研究主要围绕水岩作用展开,静态模拟、动态淋漓模拟和循环水浸等实验为探究水岩作用净水机理提供了有益参考。结合水文地球化学、岩石矿物学、水化学等基础理论阐明了采空区可能发生的一系列水岩作用:溶滤-沉淀作用、吸附-解吸作用、氧化还原作用以及混合作用。采空区水库对矿井水的悬浮物浓度净化效果较好,对COD的净化效果次之,而对于总硬度、TDS和总碱度的净化效果则取决于采空区破碎煤岩体矿物成分、储水时间等因素,有可能出现上述指标劣化情况。但现阶段室内水-岩模拟试验方案中设计的影响因素较单一,缺少研究区水动力场、温度场、氧气体积分数等相关数据。在此基础上,提出了煤矿采空区水库净水技术的研发方向,在明确当地政策及水质水量的原则下,从采空区自身条件及外部环境等角度深入研究,保证煤矿采空区水库净水技术运行过程中的稳定性、经济性与安全性。The water conduction fissure formed by longwall mining of coal mine leads to the destruction of groundwater system,resulting in the contradiction between the abundant water in goaf and the shortage of surface water resources,thence reasonable protection and utilization of mine water is of great importance to the safe production of coal mine and the construction of ecological civilization in mining area.Using the goaf as an underground reservoir and taking advantage of the strong capacity of broken coal and rock mass in the goaf is an important means to realize the treatment of mine water pollution and resource utilization.The water quality of most mine water in China is poor,the total dissolved solids are high,and the treatment is difficult,so the water-rock purification of broken coal and rock in goaf reservoir is conducive to the efficient in-situ treatment and utilization of mine water.At present,a series of studies have been carried out around the water-rock interaction of broken coal rock in goaf,including sample collec-tion,sample detection,simulation experiment and result analysis.Sample collection and detection is the premise of the study of water-rock interaction,which involves the basic characteristics and change rules of mine water and coal rock mass.The simulation experiment and result analysis mainly explore the action mechanism of various influencing factors.The research on water purification mechanism of reservoir in mining area mainly focuses on water-rock interaction.The experiments of static simulation,dynamic dripping simulation and circulating water immersion provide useful reference for exploring the water purification mechanism of water-rock interaction.Combined with the basic theories of hydrogeochemistry,rock mineralogy and water chemistry,a series of possible water-rock interactions in goaf,such as leaching-precipitation,adsorption-resolution,redox and mixing,are elucidated.The purification effect of the goaf res-ervoir is better for the concentration of suspended solids in mine water,fol

关 键 词：采空区水库 破碎煤岩体 水岩作用 净水机理 矿井水 

分 类 号：TD821[矿业工程—煤矿开采]